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In the search for quantum advantage in real--world problems, one promising avenue is to use a quantum algorithm to improve on the solution found using an efficient classical algorithm. The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-25 Yunlong Yu , Xiang-Bin Wang , Nic Shannon , Robert Joynt

Farhi et al. recently proposed a class of quantum algorithms, the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA), for approximately solving combinatorial optimization problems. A level-p QAOA circuit consists of p steps; in each step a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-01 Zhihui Wang , Stuart Hadfield , Zhang Jiang , Eleanor G. Rieffel

Introducing additional tunable parameters to quantum circuits is a powerful way of improving performance without increasing hardware requirements. A recently introduced multiangle extension of the quantum approximate optimization algorithm…

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a hybrid quantum-classical variational algorithm designed to tackle combinatorial optimization problems. Despite its promise for near-term quantum applications, not much is currently…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-26 Leo Zhou , Sheng-Tao Wang , Soonwon Choi , Hannes Pichler , Mikhail D. Lukin

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is suggested as a promising application on early quantum computers. Here, a quantum-inspired classical algorithm, the mean-field Approximate Optimization Algorithm (mean-field AOA), is…

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) promises to solve classically intractable computational problems in the area of combinatorial optimization. A growing amount of evidence suggests that the originally proposed form of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-04 Michelle Chalupnik , Hans Melo , Yuri Alexeev , Alexey Galda

Hybrid quantum-classical algorithms such as the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) are considered one of the most promising approaches for leveraging near-term quantum computers for practical applications. Such algorithms are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-16 Ruslan Shaydulin , Ilya Safro , Jeffrey Larson

The performance of the Quantum Approximate Optimisation Algorithm (QAOA) relies on the setting of optimal parameters in each layer of the circuit. This is no trivial task, and much literature has focused on the challenge of finding optimal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-14 Vivek Katial , Kate Smith-Miles , Charles Hill

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) transforms a simple many-qubit wavefunction into one which encodes a solution to a difficult classical optimization problem. It does this by optimizing the schedule according to which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-29 Yunlong Yu , Chenfeng Cao , Carter Dewey , Xiang-Bin Wang , Nic Shannon , Robert Joynt

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a leading variational approach to combinatorial optimization, but its practical performance depends strongly on objective design, parameter search, and shot allocation. We present a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-09 Siran Zhang , Shuming Cheng

The ability of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) to deliver a quantum advantage on combinatorial optimization problems is still unclear. Recently, a scaling advantage over a classical solver was postulated to exist for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-02 Thorge Müller , Ajainderpal Singh , Frank K. Wilhelm , Tim Bode

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a quantum heuristic for combinatorial optimization that has been demonstrated to scale better than state-of-the-art classical solvers for some problems. For a given problem instance,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-23 Tianyi Hao , Zichang He , Ruslan Shaydulin , Jeffrey Larson , Marco Pistoia

This paper presents the Maximum Amplification Optimisation Algorithm (MAOA), a novel quantum algorithm designed for combinatorial optimisation in the restricted circuit depth context of near-term quantum computing. The MAOA first produces a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-02 Tavis Bennett , Jingbo B. Wang

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm that shows promise in efficiently solving the MaxCut problem, a representative example of combinatorial optimization. However, its effectiveness…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-22 Fanxu Meng , Xiangzhen Zhou , Pengcheng Zhu , Yu Luo

Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) provides a way to solve combinatorial optimization problems using quantum computers. QAOA circuits consist of time evolution operators by the cost Hamiltonian and of state mixing operators,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-02 Ryo Sakai , Hiromichi Matsuyama , Wai-Hong Tam , Yu Yamashiro , Keisuke Fujii

We provide a method to prepare a warm-started quantum state from measurements with an iterative framework to enhance the quantum approximate optimisation algorithm (QAOA). The numerical simulations show the method can effectively address…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-17 Haomu Yuan , Songqinghao Yang , Crispin H. W. Barnes

The Quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is one of the most promising candidates for achieving quantum advantage through quantum-enhanced combinatorial optimization. In a typical QAOA setup, a set of quantum circuit parameters…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-15 Alexey Galda , Xiaoyuan Liu , Danylo Lykov , Yuri Alexeev , Ilya Safro

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a promising quantum algorithm that can be used to approximately solve combinatorial optimization problems. The usual QAOA ansatz consists of an alternating application of the cost and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-01 Anthony Wilkie , Igor Gaidai , James Ostrowski , Rebekah Herrman

Parameterized quantum circuits are widely studied approaches for tackling optimization problems. A prominent example is the Quantum Alternating Operator Ansatz (QAOA), an approach that builds off the structure of the Quantum Approximate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-18 James Sud , Stuart Hadfield , Eleanor Rieffel , Norm Tubman , Tad Hogg

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a variational quantum algorithm that can be used to approximately solve combinatorial optimization problems. However, a major limitation of QAOA is that it is a "local" algorithm for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-10 Quinn Langfitt , Reuben Tate , Stephan Eidenbenz