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Conversational assistants powered by large language models (LLMs) excel at tool-use tasks but struggle with adhering to complex, business-specific rules. While models can reason over business rules provided in context, including all…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Shubhashis Roy Dipta , Daniel Bis , Kun Zhou , Lichao Wang , Benjamin Z. Yao , Chenlei Guo , Ruhi Sarikaya

Unsupervised zero-shot reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for pretraining behavioral foundation models (BFMs), enabling agents to solve a wide range of downstream tasks specified via reward functions in a…

Can large language model (LLM) agents reproduce the complex social dynamics that characterize human online behavior -- shaped by homophily, reciprocity, and social validation -- and what memory and learning mechanisms enable such dynamics…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Philipp J. Schneider , Lin Tian , Marian-Andrei Rizoiu

Behavior Cloning (BC) has emerged as a highly effective paradigm for robot learning. However, BC lacks a self-guided mechanism for online improvement after demonstrations have been collected. Existing offline-to-online learning methods…

Ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC) service is envisioned to enable use cases with strict reliability and latency requirements in 5G. One approach for enabling URLLC services is to leverage Reinforcement Learning (RL) to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-26 Wei Shi , Milad Ganjalizadeh , Hossein Shokri Ghadikolaei , Marina Petrova

Many real-world problems, such as controlling swarms of drones and urban traffic, naturally lend themselves to modeling as multi-agent reinforcement learning (RL) problems. However, existing multi-agent RL methods often suffer from…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Vasanth Reddy Baddam , Suat Gumussoy , Almuatazbellah Boker , Hoda Eldardiry

Large language model (LLM) agents have recently demonstrated strong capabilities in interactive decision-making, yet they remain fundamentally limited in long-horizon tasks that require structured planning and reliable execution. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Hongbo Jin , Rongpeng Zhu , Jiayu Ding , Guibo Luo , Ge Li

We introduce Heterogeneous Agent Collaborative Reinforcement Learning (HACRL), a new Reinforcement Learning from Verifiable Reward (RLVR) problem that addresses the inefficiencies of isolated multi-agent on-policy optimization. HACRL…

Multiagent reinforcement learning (MARL) is commonly considered to suffer from non-stationary environments and exponentially increasing policy space. It would be even more challenging when rewards are sparse and delayed over long…

Link adaptation (LA) is an essential function in modern wireless communication systems that dynamically adjusts the transmission rate of a communication link to match time- and frequency-varying radio link conditions. However, factors such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Samuele Peri , Alessio Russo , Gabor Fodor , Pablo Soldati

The past years have seen Large Language Models (LLMs) strive not only as generative models but also as agents solving textual sequential decision-making tasks. When facing complex environments where their zero-shot abilities are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Loris Gaven , Clement Romac , Thomas Carta , Sylvain Lamprier , Olivier Sigaud , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer

When agents collaborate on a task, it is important that they have some shared mental model of the task routines -- the set of feasible plans towards achieving the goals. However, in reality, situations often arise that such a shared mental…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Yuening Zhang , Brian C. Williams

Behavior cloning (BC) is often practical for robot learning because it allows a policy to be trained offline without rewards, by supervised learning on expert demonstrations. However, BC does not effectively leverage what we will refer to…

Model-based reinforcement learning (RL) has shown great promise due to its sample efficiency, but still struggles with long-horizon sparse-reward tasks, especially in offline settings where the agent learns from a fixed dataset. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Rohan Chitnis , Yingchen Xu , Bobak Hashemi , Lucas Lehnert , Urun Dogan , Zheqing Zhu , Olivier Delalleau

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) enables learning effective policies from fixed datasets without any environment interaction. Existing methods typically employ policy constraints to mitigate the distribution shift encountered during…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Tan Jing , Xiaorui Li , Chao Yao , Xiaojuan Ban , Yuetong Fang , Renjing Xu , Zhaolin Yuan

Multi-agent systems often require agents to collaborate with or compete against other agents with diverse goals, behaviors, or strategies. Agent modeling is essential when designing adaptive policies for intelligent machine agents in…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Wenhao Ma , Yu-Cheng Chang , Jie Yang , Yu-Kai Wang , Chin-Teng Lin

Adequate strategizing of agents behaviors is essential to solving cooperative MARL problems. One intuitively beneficial yet uncommon method in this domain is predicting agents future behaviors and planning accordingly. Leveraging this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-15 Majd Ibrahim , Ammar Fayad

Offline multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) leverages static datasets of experience to learn optimal multi-agent control. However, learning from static data presents several unique challenges to overcome. In this paper, we focus on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Callum Rhys Tilbury , Claude Formanek , Louise Beyers , Jonathan P. Shock , Arnu Pretorius

Offline preference-based reinforcement learning (PbRL) provides an effective way to overcome the challenges of designing reward and the high costs of online interaction. However, since labeling preference needs real-time human feedback,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Xiao-Yin Liu , Guotao Li , Xiao-Hu Zhou , Zeng-Guang Hou

Multi-armed bandit models have proven to be useful in modeling many real world problems in the areas of control and sequential decision making with partial information. However, in many scenarios, such as those prevalent in healthcare and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-08-27 Qinyang He , Yonatan Mintz
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