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A novel algorithm for creating a mathematical model of curved shapes is introduced. The core of the algorithm is based on building a graph representation of the contoured image, which occupies less storage space than produced by raster…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Denis V. Popel

The adoption of tablets with touchscreens and styluses is increasing, and a key feature is converting handwriting to text, enabling search, indexing, and AI assistance. Meanwhile, vision-language models (VLMs) are now the go-to solution for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Anastasiia Fadeeva , Philippe Schlattner , Andrii Maksai , Mark Collier , Efi Kokiopoulou , Jesse Berent , Claudiu Musat

Mathematical formulae carry complex and essential semantic information in a variety of formats. Accessing this information with different systems requires a standardized machine-readable format that is capable of encoding presentational and…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2021-09-20 André Greiner-Petter , Moritz Schubotz , Howard S. Cohl , Bela Gipp

Most people think that their handwriting is unique and cannot be imitated by machines, especially not using completely new content. Current cursive handwriting synthesis is visually limited or needs user interaction. We show that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-19 Martin Mayr , Martin Stumpf , Anguelos Nicolaou , Mathias Seuret , Andreas Maier , Vincent Christlein

The article provides a brief description of the MathPartner service. This freely available cloud-based Mathematics is a universal system for symbolic-numeric calculations. Its Mathpar language is a subset of the LaTeX language, but allows…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-05-08 Gennadi Malaschonok , Roman Sakh

Supporting programming on touchscreen devices requires effective text input and editing methods. Unfortunately, the virtual keyboard can be inefficient and uses valuable screen space on already small devices. Recent advances in stylus input…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-12-07 Qiyu Zhi , Ronald Metoyer

Encoder-decoder models have made great progress on handwritten mathematical expression recognition recently. However, it is still a challenge for existing methods to assign attention to image features accurately. Moreover, those…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Wenqi Zhao , Liangcai Gao , Zuoyu Yan , Shuai Peng , Lin Du , Ziyin Zhang

Offline Handwritten Mathematical Expression Recognition (HMER) is a major area in the field of mathematical expression recognition. Offline HMER is often viewed as a much harder problem as compared to online HMER due to a lack of temporal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Ujjwal Thakur , Anuj Sharma

Finding the name of an unknown symbol is often hard, but writing the symbol is easy. This bachelor's thesis presents multiple systems that use the pen trajectory to classify handwritten symbols. Five preprocessing steps, one data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-02-19 Martin Thoma

Handwriting recognition is of crucial importance to both Human Computer Interaction (HCI) and paperwork digitization. In the general field of Optical Character Recognition (OCR), handwritten Chinese character recognition faces tremendous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Boxiang Dong , Aparna S. Varde , Danilo Stevanovic , Jiayin Wang , Liang Zhao

Handwritten mathematical expression recognition aims to automatically generate LaTeX sequences from given images. Currently, attention-based encoder-decoder models are widely used in this task. They typically generate target sequences in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-24 Xiaohang Bian , Bo Qin , Xiaozhe Xin , Jianwu Li , Xuefeng Su , Yanfeng Wang

Mathematical Expression Recognition (MER) has made significant progress in recognizing simple expressions, but the robust recognition of complex mathematical expressions with many tokens and multiple lines remains a formidable challenge. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Weikang Bai , Yongkun Du , Yuchen Su , Yazhen Xie , Zhineng Chen

Object handover is a common human collaboration behavior that attracts attention from researchers in Robotics and Cognitive Science. Though visual perception plays an important role in the object handover task, the whole handover process…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Ruolin Ye , Wenqiang Xu , Zhendong Xue , Tutian Tang , Yanfeng Wang , Cewu Lu

In this letter, we contribute a multi-language handwritten digit recognition dataset named MNIST-MIX, which is the largest dataset of the same type in terms of both languages and data samples. With the same data format with MNIST, MNIST-MIX…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Weiwei Jiang

This paper proposes a method for recognizing online handwritten mathematical expressions (OnHME) by building a symbol relation tree (SRT) directly from a sequence of strokes. A bidirectional recurrent neural network learns from multiple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-14 Thanh-Nghia Truong , Hung Tuan Nguyen , Cuong Tuan Nguyen , Masaki Nakagawa

This paper presents a temporal classification method for all three subtasks of symbol segmentation, symbol recognition and relation classification in online handwritten mathematical expressions (HMEs). The classification model is trained by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Cuong Tuan Nguyen , Thanh-Nghia Truong , Hung Tuan Nguyen , Masaki Nakagawa

Generating synthetic images is an art which emulates the natural process of image generation in a closest possible manner. In this work, we exploit such a framework for data generation in handwritten domain. We render synthetic data using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-08-16 Praveen Krishnan , C. V. Jawahar

Before we can get the whole potential of employing computers in the process of managing mathematical `knowledge', we have to convert informal knowledge into machine-oriented representations. How exactly to support this process so that it…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2010-10-29 Constantin Jucovschi

The machine learning community currently has no standardized process for documenting datasets, which can lead to severe consequences in high-stakes domains. To address this gap, we propose datasheets for datasets. In the electronics…

We propose the task of disambiguating symbolic expressions in informal STEM documents in the form of LaTeX files - that is, determining their precise semantics and abstract syntax tree - as a neural machine translation task. We discuss the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-29 Dennis Müller , Cezary Kaliszyk