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Polkadot is a network protocol launched in 2020 with the ambition of unlocking the full potential of blockchain technologies. Its novel multi-chain protocol allows arbitrary data to be transferred across heterogeneous blockchains, enabling…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-29 Hanaa Abbas , Maurantonio Caprolu , Roberto Di Pietro

In this paper we describe the design components of the heterogenous multi-chain protocol Polkadot and explain how these components help Polkadot address some of the existing shortcomings of blockchain technologies. At present, a vast number…

We provide the first large-scale data collection of real-world approval-based committee elections. These elections have been conducted on the Polkadot blockchain as part of their Nominated Proof-of-Stake mechanism and contain around one…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Niclas Boehmer , Markus Brill , Alfonso Cevallos , Jonas Gehrlein , Luis Sánchez-Fernández , Ulrike Schmidt-Kraepelin

We introduce systematic tests exploiting robust statistical and behavioral patterns in trading to detect fake transactions on 29 cryptocurrency exchanges. Regulated exchanges feature patterns consistently observed in financial markets and…

General Economics · Economics 2021-08-26 Lin William Cong , Xi Li , Ke Tang , Yang Yang

The cryptocurrency market surpassed the barrier of \$100 billion market capitalization in June 2017, after months of steady growth. Despite its increasing relevance in the financial world, however, a comprehensive analysis of the whole…

Cryptocurrencies aim to replicate physical cash in the digital realm while removing centralized and trusted intermediaries. Decentralization is achieved by the blockchain, a permanent public ledger that contains a record of every…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Domokos Miklós Kelen , István András Seres

Utilizing graph analytics and learning has proven to be an effective method for exploring aspects of crypto economics such as network effects, decentralization, tokenomics, and fraud detection. However, the majority of existing research…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Bingqiao Luo

This research article presents various design patterns for improving interoperability in Polkadot, a blockchain platform. These patterns include chain bridges, interoperability standards, common asset identifiers, governance agreements,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Santiago Márquez Solís

The price volatility of cryptocurrencies is often cited as a major hindrance to their wide-scale adoption. Consequently, during the last two years, multiple so called stablecoins have surfaced---cryptocurrencies focused on maintaining…

The NFT ecosystem represents an interconnected, decentralized environment that encompasses the creation, distribution, and trading of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), where key actors, such as marketplaces, sellers, and buyers, utilize smart…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Yujing Chen , Xuanming Liu , Zhiyuan Wan , Zuobin Wang , David Lo , Difan Xie , Xiaohu Yang

Ethereum's scalability has been a major concern due to its limited transaction throughput and high fees. To address these limitations, Polygon has emerged as a sidechain solution that facilitates asset transfers between Ethereum and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Tao Yan , Chuanshan Huang , Claudio J. Tessone

Blockchain technology relies on decentralization to resist faults and attacks while operating without trusted intermediaries. Although industry experts have touted decentralization as central to their promise and disruptive potential, it is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Harang Ju , Ehsan Valavi , Madhav Kumar , Sinan Aral

Inspired by Bitcoin, many different kinds of cryptocurrencies based on blockchain technology have turned up on the market. Due to the special structure of the blockchain, it has been deemed impossible to directly trade between traditional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-08 Hangyu Tian , Kaiping Xue , Shaohua Li , Jie Xu , Jianqing Liu , Jun Zhao

The review introduces the history of cryptocurrencies, offering a description of the blockchain technology behind them. Differences between cryptocurrencies and the exchanges on which they are traded have been shown. The central part…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2021-03-10 Marcin Wątorek , Stanisław Drożdż , Jarosław Kwapień , Ludovico Minati , Paweł Oświęcimka , Marek Stanuszek

The Polkadot ecosystem is a disruptive and highly complex multi-chain architecture that poses challenges in terms of data analysis and communicability. Currently, there is a lack of standardized and holistic approaches to retrieve and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Marcio Ferreira Moreno , Rafael Rossi de Mello Brandão

The set of distributed ledger architectures known as blockchain is best known for cryptocurrency applications such as Bitcoin and Ethereum. These permissionless block chains are showing the potential to be disruptive to the financial…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-01-31 Sara Rouhani , Luke Butterworth , Adam D. Simmons , Darryl G. Humphery , Ralph Deters

Crypto Currencies have recently gained enormous popularity amongst the general public. With each passing day, more and more companies are radically accepting crypto cur-rencies in their payment systems, paving way for an economic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-12-01 Sufian Hameed , Sameet Farooq

As cryptocurrencies gain popularity and credibility, marketplaces for cryptocurrencies are growing in importance. Understanding the dynamics of these markets can help to assess how viable the cryptocurrnency ecosystem is and how design…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-04-25 Peter M Krafft , Nicolás Della Penna , Alex Pentland

We develop an analysis of the cryptocurrency market borrowing methods and concepts from ecology. This approach makes it possible to identify specific diversity patterns and their variation, in close analogy with ecological systems, and to…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2022-07-22 Edgardo Brigatti , Estevan Augusto Amazonas Mendes

Increasing popularity of trading digital assets can lead to significant delays in Blockchain networks when processing transactions. When transaction fees become miners' primary revenue, an imbalance in reward may lead to miners adopting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Gerui Zhang , Xiongfei Zhao , Yain-Whar Si
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