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We study extremal and algorithmic questions of subset and careful synchronization in monotonic automata. We show that several synchronization problems that are hard in general automata can be solved in polynomial time in monotonic automata,…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2017-11-27 Andrew Ryzhikov , Anton Shemyakov

In this paper we consider a nondeterministic computation by deterministic multi-head 2-way automata having a read-only access to an auxiliary memory. The memory contains additional data (a guess) and computation is successful iff it is…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2008-11-18 M. N. Vyalyi

We generalize the partial derivative automaton to regular expressions with shuffle and study its size in the worst and in the average case. The number of states of the partial derivative automata is in the worst case at most 2^m, where m is…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-03 Sabine Broda , António Machiavelo , Nelma Moreira , Rogério Reis

We introduce a new complexity measure for finite strings using probabilistic finite-state automata (PFAs), in the same spirit as existing notions employing DFAs and NFAs, and explore its properties. The PFA complexity $A_P(x)$ is the least…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Kenneth Gill

Pushdown automata may contain transitions that are never used in any accepting run of the automaton. We present an algorithm for detecting such useless transitions. A finite automaton that captures the possible stack content during runs of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2013-06-11 Wan Fokkink , Dick Grune , Brinio Hond , Peter Rutgers

Several abstract machines that operate on symbolic input alphabets have been proposed in the last decade, for example, symbolic automata or lattice automata. Applications of these types of automata include software security analysis and…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-10-18 Andreas Stahlbauer

We consider the first problem that appears in any application of synchronizing automata, namely, the problem of deciding whether or not a given $n$-state $k$-letter automaton is synchronizing. First we generalize results from…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-03-20 Mikhail V. Berlinkov

We prove that, paying a polynomial increase in size only, every unrestricted two-way nondeterministic finite automaton (2NFA) can be complemented by a 1-limited automaton (1-LA), a nondeterministic extension of 2NFAs still characterizing…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Bruno Guillon , Luca Prigioniero , Javad Taheri

We study the problem of synthesizing string to string transformations from a set of input/output examples. The transformations we consider are expressed using deterministic finite automata (DFA) that read pairs of letters, one letter from…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-06-06 Jad Hamza , Viktor Kunčak

The determinisation problem for min-plus (tropical) weighted automata was recently shown to be decidable. However, the proof is purely existential, relying on several non-constructive arguments. Our contribution in this work is twofold:…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Shaull Almagor , Guy Arbel , Sarai Sheinvald

We investigate a dynamical complexity measure defined for finite automata with translucent letters (FAwtl). Roughly, this measure counts the minimal number of necessary jumps for such an automaton in order to accept an input. The model…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Szilárd Zsolt Fazekas , Victor Mitrana , Andrei Păun , Mihaela Păun

We introduce Symbolic Alternating Finite Automata (s-AFA) as an expressive, succinct, and decidable model for describing sets of finite sequences over arbitrary alphabets. Boolean operations over s-AFAs have linear complexity, which is in…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-10-07 Loris D'Antoni , Zachary Kincaid , Fang Wang

We present a few classes of synchronizing automata exhibiting certain extremal properties with regard to synchronization. The first is a series of automata with subsets whose shortest extending words are of length $\varTheta(n^2)$, where…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-08-04 Andrzej Kisielewicz , Marek Szykuła

The single shortest path algorithm is undefined for weighted finite-state automata over non-idempotent semirings because such semirings do not guarantee the existence of a shortest path. However, in non-idempotent semirings admitting an…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Kyle Gorman , Cyril Allauzen

Parity word automata and their determinisation play an important role in automata and game theory. We discuss a determinisation procedure for nondeterministic parity automata through deterministic Rabin to deterministic parity automata. We…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2014-09-12 Sven Schewe , Thomas Varghese

We show that the problem of checking if a given nondeterministic parity automaton simulates another given nondeterministic parity automaton is NP-hard. We then adapt the techniques used for this result to show that the problem of checking…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Keya Prakash

We exhibit the construction of a deterministic automaton that, given k > 0, recognizes the (regular) language of k-differentiable words. Our approach follows a scheme of Crochemore et al. based on minimal forbidden words. We extend this…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-03-18 Jean-Marc Fédou , Gabriele Fici

We study linear time model checking of collapsible higher-order pushdown systems (CPDS) of order 2 (manipulating stack of stacks) against MSO and PDL (propositional dynamic logic with converse and loop) enhanced with push/pop matching…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-09-21 C. Aiswarya , Paul Gastin , Prakash Saivasan

We show the surprising result that the cutpoint isolation problem is decidable for Probabilistic Finite Automata (PFA) where input words are taken from a letter-bounded context-free language. A context-free language $\mathcal{L}$ is…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-05-15 Paul C. Bell , Pavel Semukhin

We study the satisfiability of string constraints where context-free membership constraints may be imposed on variables. Additionally a variable may be constrained to be a subword of a word obtained by shuffling variables and their…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-17 C Aiswarya , Soumodev Mal , Prakash Saivasan