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Formal specifications have numerous benefits for both designers and users of network protocols. They provide clear, unambiguous representations, which are useful as documentation and for testing. They can help reveal disagreements about…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-17 David Basin , Nate Foster , Kenneth L. McMillan , Kedar S. Namjoshi , Cristina Nita-Rotaru , Jonathan M. Smith , Pamela Zave , Lenore D. Zuck

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is an emerging approach in natural language processing that combines large language models (LLMs) with external document retrieval to produce more accurate and grounded responses. While RAG has shown…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Atousa Arzanipour , Rouzbeh Behnia , Reza Ebrahimi , Kaushik Dutta

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems have become widely used for enhancing large language model capabilities, but they introduce significant security vulnerabilities through prompt injection attacks. We present a comprehensive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Badrinath Ramakrishnan , Akshaya Balaji

As large language models become integral to high-stakes applications, ensuring their robustness and fairness is critical. Despite their success, large language models remain vulnerable to adversarial attacks, where small perturbations, such…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Danqing Chen , Tobias Ladner , Ahmed Rayen Mhadhbi , Matthias Althoff

Real world collection of Activities of Daily Living data is challenging due to privacy concerns, costly deployment and labeling, and the inherent sparsity and imbalance of human behavior. We present ADLGen, a generative framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Weihang You , Hanqi Jiang , Zishuai Liu , Zihang Xie , Tianming Liu , Jin Lu , Fei Dou

Language models trained with a fixed vocabulary struggle to generalize to novel or out-of-vocabulary words, limiting their flexibility in handling diverse token combinations. Existing dynamic vocabulary approaches attempt to address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Wei Du , Nuowei Liu , Jie Wang , Jiahao Kuang , Tao Ji , Xiaoling Wang , Yuanbin Wu

Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) has created unprecedented opportunities for creative expression, education, and research. Text-to-image systems such as DALL.E, Stable Diffusion, and Midjourney can now convert ideas into visuals…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Dang Phuong Nam , Nguyen Kieu , Pham Thanh Hieu

Despite its many unquestionable benefits, formal specifications are not widely used in industrial software development. In order to reduce the time and effort required to write formal specifications, in this paper we propose a technique for…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2015-12-23 María Alpuente , Daniel Pardo , Alicia Villanueva

Formal specification generation has recently drawn attention in software engineering as a way to improve program correctness without requiring manual annotations. Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in this area, but early…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Ragib Shahariar Ayon , Shibbir Ahmed

We describe an intelligent assistant based on mining existing software repositories to help the developer interactively create checkable specifications of code. To be most useful we apply this at the subsystem level, that is chunks of code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Steven P. Reiss

AI coding assistants are now central to professional software development, yet their impact on how developers think about and practice security remains poorly understood. While prior work has documented vulnerability rates in AI-generated…

AI agents, specifically powered by large language models, have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in various applications where precision and efficacy are necessary. However, these agents come with inherent risks, including the potential…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Ishaan Domkundwar , Mukunda N S , Ishaan Bhola , Riddhik Kochhar

Automatic generation of high-quality commit messages for code commits can substantially facilitate software developers' works and coordination. However, the semantic gap between source code and natural language poses a major challenge for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Lun Yiu Nie , Cuiyun Gao , Zhicong Zhong , Wai Lam , Yang Liu , Zenglin Xu

With the rapidly increasing capabilities and adoption of code agents for AI-assisted coding, safety concerns, such as generating or executing risky code, have become significant barriers to the real-world deployment of these agents. To…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Chengquan Guo , Xun Liu , Chulin Xie , Andy Zhou , Yi Zeng , Zinan Lin , Dawn Song , Bo Li

In this paper, we develop a new method, termed SDF-3DGAN, for 3D object generation and 3D-Aware image synthesis tasks, which introduce implicit Signed Distance Function (SDF) as the 3D object representation method in the generative field.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Lutao Jiang , Ruyi Ji , Libo Zhang

As cyber threats continue to grow in complexity, traditional security mechanisms struggle to keep up. Large language models (LLMs) offer significant potential in cybersecurity due to their advanced capabilities in text processing and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Tiago Dinis , Miguel Correia , Roger Tavares

AI illustrator aims to automatically design visually appealing images for books to provoke rich thoughts and emotions. To achieve this goal, we propose a framework for translating raw descriptions with complex semantics into semantically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-09 Yiyang Ma , Huan Yang , Bei Liu , Jianlong Fu , Jiaying Liu

Formal Methods (FMs) are currently essential for verifying the safety and reliability of software systems. However, the specification writing in formal methods tends to be complex and challenging to learn, requiring familiarity with various…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Jianyu Zhang , Long Zhang , Yixuan Wu , Feng Yang

Modern Integrated Circuits (ICs) are becoming increasingly complex, and so is their development process. Hardware design verification entails a methodical and disciplined approach to the planning, development, execution, and sign-off of…

Application of formal models provides many benefits for the software and system development, however, the learning curve of formal languages could be a critical factor for an industrial project. Thus, a natural language specification that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-12-07 Phan Vo Thu Nhat , Maria Spichkova