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The shuffle model enhances privacy by anonymizing users' reports through random permutation. This paper presents the first systematic study of the single-message shuffle model from an information-theoretic perspective. We analyze two…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Pengcheng Su , Haibo Cheng , Ping Wang

Differentially private mechanisms achieving worst-case optimal error bounds (e.g., the classical Laplace mechanism) are well-studied in the literature. However, when typical data are far from the worst case, \emph{instance-specific} error…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Wei Dong , Qiyao Luo , Giulia Fanti , Elaine Shi , Ke Yi

The shuffle model of differential privacy (DP) offers compelling privacy-utility trade-offs in decentralized settings (e.g., internet of things, mobile edge networks). Particularly, the multi-message shuffle model, where each user may…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Shaowei Wang , Hongqiao Chen , Sufen Zeng , Ruilin Yang , Hui Jiang , Peigen Ye , Kaiqi Yu , Rundong Mei , Shaozheng Huang , Wei Yang , Bangzhou Xin

Vector mean estimation is a central primitive in federated analytics. In vector mean estimation, each user $i \in [n]$ holds a real-valued vector $v_i\in [-1, 1]^d$, and a server wants to estimate the mean of all $n$ vectors. Not only so,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Mingxun Zhou , Tianhao Wang , T-H. Hubert Chan , Giulia Fanti , Elaine Shi

The shuffle model, which anonymizes data by randomly permuting user messages, has been widely adopted in both cryptography and differential privacy. In this work, we present the first systematic study of the Bayesian advantage in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Pengcheng Su , Haibo Cheng , Ping Wang

Differential privacy is often studied in one of two models. In the central model, a single analyzer has the responsibility of performing a privacy-preserving computation on data. But in the local model, each data owner ensures their own…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Albert Cheu

We study person-level differentially private (DP) mean estimation in the case where each person holds multiple samples. DP here requires the usual notion of distributional stability when $\textit{all}$ of a person's datapoints can be…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Sushant Agarwal , Gautam Kamath , Mahbod Majid , Argyris Mouzakis , Rose Silver , Jonathan Ullman

The shuffle model of DP (Differential Privacy) provides high utility by introducing a shuffler that randomly shuffles noisy data sent from users. However, recent studies show that existing shuffle protocols suffer from the following two…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Takao Murakami , Yuichi Sei , Reo Eriguchi

The shuffle model of differential privacy was proposed as a viable model for performing distributed differentially private computations. Informally, the model consists of an untrusted analyzer that receives messages sent by participating…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Amos Beimel , Iftach Haitner , Kobbi Nissim , Uri Stemmer

We study discrete distribution estimation under user-level local differential privacy (LDP). In user-level $\varepsilon$-LDP, each user has $m\ge1$ samples and the privacy of all $m$ samples must be preserved simultaneously. We resolve the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Jayadev Acharya , Yuhan Liu , Ziteng Sun

We give efficient protocols and matching accuracy lower bounds for frequency estimation in the local model for differential privacy. In this model, individual users randomize their data themselves, sending differentially private reports to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-04-21 Raef Bassily , Adam Smith

Differential privacy is often studied under two different models of neighboring datasets: the add-remove model and the swap model. While the swap model is frequently used in the academic literature to simplify analysis, many practical…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Alex Kulesza , Ananda Theertha Suresh , Yuyan Wang

Estimating optimal transport maps between two distributions from respective samples is an important element for many machine learning methods. To do so, rather than extending discrete transport maps, it has been shown that estimating the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-04 Clément Lalanne , Franck Iutzeler , Jean-Michel Loubes , Julien Chhor

We develop lower bounds for estimation under local privacy constraints---including differential privacy and its relaxations to approximate or R\'{e}nyi differential privacy---by showing an equivalence between private estimation and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-05-07 John Duchi , Ryan Rogers

There has been a recent wave of interest in intermediate trust models for differential privacy that eliminate the need for a fully trusted central data collector, but overcome the limitations of local differential privacy. This interest has…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-12-07 Albert Cheu , Jonathan Ullman

The *shuffle model* is a powerful tool to amplify the privacy guarantees of the *local model* of differential privacy. In contrast to the fully decentralized manner of guaranteeing privacy in the local model, the shuffle model requires a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Hao Wu , Olga Ohrimenko , Anthony Wirth

Differential privacy (DP) is a formal notion for quantifying the privacy loss of algorithms. Algorithms in the central model of DP achieve high accuracy but make the strongest trust assumptions whereas those in the local DP model make the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Badih Ghazi , Ravi Kumar , Pasin Manurangsi , Rasmus Pagh

A protocol by Ishai et al.\ (FOCS 2006) showing how to implement distributed $n$-party summation from secure shuffling has regained relevance in the context of the recently proposed \emph{shuffle model} of differential privacy, as it allows…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-26 Borja Balle , James Bell , Adria Gascon , Kobbi Nissim

Privacy and communication constraints are two major bottlenecks in federated learning (FL) and analytics (FA). We study the optimal accuracy of mean and frequency estimation (canonical models for FL and FA respectively) under joint…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-04-05 Wei-Ning Chen , Dan Song , Ayfer Ozgur , Peter Kairouz

Shuffler-based differential privacy (shuffle-DP) is a privacy paradigm providing high utility by involving a shuffler to permute noisy report from users. Existing shuffle-DP protocols mainly focus on the design of shuffler-based categorical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Xiaoguang Li , Hanyi Wang , Yaowei Huang , Jungang Yang , Qingqing Ye , Haonan Yan , Ke Pan , Zhe Sun , Hui Li