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The image signal processor (ISP) pipeline in modern cameras consists of several modules that transform raw sensor data into visually pleasing images in a display color space. Among these, the auto white balance (AWB) module is essential for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Luxi Zhao , Mahmoud Afifi , Michael S. Brown

Auto-white balance (AWB) correction is a critical operation in image signal processors for accurate and consistent color correction across various illumination scenarios. This paper presents a novel and efficient AWB correction method that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Furkan Kınlı , Doğa Yılmaz , Barış Özcan , Furkan Kıraç

Auto white balance (AWB) is applied by camera hardware at capture time to remove the color cast caused by the scene illumination. The vast majority of white-balance algorithms assume a single light source illuminates the scene; however,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-11 Mahmoud Afifi , Marcus A. Brubaker , Michael S. Brown

White balance (WB) correction in scenes with multiple illuminants remains a persistent challenge in computer vision. Recent methods explored fusion-based approaches, where a neural network linearly blends multiple sRGB versions of an input…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-20 David Serrano-Lozano , Aditya Arora , Luis Herranz , Konstantinos G. Derpanis , Michael S. Brown , Javier Vazquez-Corral

White balance (WB) algorithms in many commercial cameras assume single and uniform illumination, leading to undesirable results when multiple lighting sources with different chromaticities exist in the scene. Prior research on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Dongyoung Kim , Jinwoo Kim , Junsang Yu , Seon Joo Kim

White balance (WB) is one of the first photo-finishing steps used to render a captured image to its final output. WB is applied to remove the color cast caused by the scene's illumination. Interactive photo-editing software allows users to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Mahmoud Afifi , Michael S. Brown

White balance (WB) is a key step in the image signal processor (ISP) pipeline that mitigates color casts caused by varying illumination and restores the scene's true colors. Currently, sRGB-based WB editing for post-ISP WB correction is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Yang Cheng , Ziteng Cui , Shenghan Su , Lin Gu , Zenghui Zhang

Recent years have witnessed the increasing popularity of learning based methods to enhance the color and tone of photos. However, many existing photo enhancement methods either deliver unsatisfactory results or consume too much…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-01 Hui Zeng , Jianrui Cai , Lida Li , Zisheng Cao , Lei Zhang

Nighttime color constancy still remains a challenging problem in computational photography due to low-light noise and complex illumination conditions. We present RL-AWB, a novel framework combining statistical methods with deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Yuan-Kang Lee , Kuan-Lin Chen , Chia-Che Chang , Yu-Lun Liu

Cameras rely on auto white balance (AWB) to correct undesirable color casts caused by scene illumination and the camera's spectral sensitivity. This is typically achieved using an illuminant estimator that determines the global color cast…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Mahmoud Afifi , Luxi Zhao , Abhijith Punnappurath , Mohammed A. Abdelsalam , Ran Zhang , Michael S. Brown

Image enhancement aims at improving the aesthetic visual quality of photos by retouching the color and tone, and is an essential technology for professional digital photography. Recent years deep learning-based image enhancement algorithms…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-07 Chengxu Liu , Huan Yang , Jianlong Fu , Xueming Qian

The 3D Lookup Table (3D LUT) is a highly-efficient tool for real-time image enhancement tasks, which models a non-linear 3D color transform by sparsely sampling it into a discretized 3D lattice. Previous works have made efforts to learn…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-02 Canqian Yang , Meiguang Jin , Xu Jia , Yi Xu , Ying Chen

Image-adaptive lookup tables (LUTs) have achieved great success in real-time image enhancement tasks due to their high efficiency for modeling color transforms. However, they embed the complete transform, including the color…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Canqian Yang , Meiguang Jin , Yi Xu , Rui Zhang , Ying Chen , Huaida Liu

There is active research targeting local image manipulations that can fool deep neural networks (DNNs) into producing incorrect results. This paper examines a type of global image manipulation that can produce similar adverse effects.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Mahmoud Afifi , Michael S Brown

3D color lookup tables (LUTs) enable precise color manipulation by mapping input RGB values to specific output RGB values. 3D LUTs are instrumental in various applications, including video editing, in-camera processing, photographic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Vahid Zehtab , David B. Lindell , Marcus A. Brubaker , Michael S. Brown

Deep learning-based image enhancement methods face a fundamental trade-off between computational efficiency and representational capacity. For example, although a conventional three-dimensional Look-Up Table (3D LUT) can process a degraded…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Liubing Hu , Chen Wu , Anrui Wang , Dianjie Lu , Guijuan Zhang , Zhuoran Zheng

Style may refer to different concepts (e.g. painting style, hairstyle, texture, color, filter, etc.) depending on how the feature space is formed. In this work, we propose a novel idea of interpreting the lighting in the single- and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Furkan Kınlı , Doğa Yılmaz , Barış Özcan , Furkan Kıraç

This thesis presents methods and approaches to image color correction, color enhancement, and color editing. To begin, we study the color correction problem from the standpoint of the camera's image signal processor (ISP). A camera's ISP is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-29 Mahmoud Afifi

3D lookup tables (3D LUTs) are a key component for image enhancement. Modern image signal processors (ISPs) have dedicated support for these as part of the camera rendering pipeline. Cameras typically provide multiple options for picture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Marcos V. Conde , Javier Vazquez-Corral , Michael S. Brown , Radu Timofte

Curve & Lookup Table (LUT) based methods directly map a pixel to the target output, making them highly efficient tools for real-time photography processing. However, due to extreme memory complexity to learn full RGB space mapping, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Ziteng Cui , Lin Gu , Tatsuya Harada
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