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Nuclei instance segmentation in pathological images is crucial for downstream tasks such as tumor microenvironment analysis. However, the high cost and scarcity of annotated data limit the applicability of fully supervised methods, while…

In this chapter we explore and evaluate methods for trabecular bone characterization and osteoporosis diagnosis with increased interest in sparse approximations. We first describe texture representation and classification techniques,…

Semantic segmentation is a crucial task in biomedical image processing, which recent breakthroughs in deep learning have allowed to improve. However, deep learning methods in general are not yet widely used in practice since they require…

Instance segmentation of nuclei and glands in the histology images is an important step in computational pathology workflow for cancer diagnosis, treatment planning and survival analysis. With the advent of modern hardware, the recent…

Intra-operative ultrasound is an increasingly important imaging modality in neurosurgery. However, manual interaction with imaging data during the procedures, for example to select landmarks or perform segmentation, is difficult and can be…

Autonomous surgical procedures, in particular minimal invasive surgeries, are the next frontier for Artificial Intelligence research. However, the existing challenges include precise identification of the human anatomy and the surgical…

Medical image segmentation assists in computer-aided diagnosis, surgeries, and treatment. Digitize tissue slide images are used to analyze and segment glands, nuclei, and other biomarkers which are further used in computer-aided medical…

Osteoporosis, a prevalent condition among the aging population worldwide, is characterized by diminished bone mass and altered bone structure, increasing susceptibility to fractures. It poses a significant and growing global public health…

Eye gaze that reveals human observational patterns has increasingly been incorporated into solutions for vision tasks. Despite recent explorations on leveraging gaze to aid deep networks, few studies exploit gaze as an efficient annotation…

Image segmentation is a fundamental problem in medical image analysis. In recent years, deep neural networks achieve impressive performances on many medical image segmentation tasks by supervised learning on large manually annotated data.…

From the simple measurement of tissue attributes in pathology workflow to designing an explainable diagnostic/prognostic AI tool, access to accurate semantic segmentation of tissue regions in histology images is a prerequisite. However,…

In recent years, several convolutional neural network (CNN) methods have been proposed for the automated white matter lesion segmentation of multiple sclerosis (MS) patient images, due to their superior performance compared with those of…

The purpose was to assess the clinical value of a novel DropOut model for detecting and segmenting brain metastases, in which a neural network is trained on four distinct MRI sequences using an input dropout layer, thus simulating the…

The detection of new multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions is an important marker of the evolution of the disease. The applicability of learning-based methods could automate this task efficiently. However, the lack of annotated longitudinal data…

Image instance segmentation is a fundamental research topic in autonomous driving, which is crucial for scene understanding and road safety. Advanced learning-based approaches often rely on the costly 2D mask annotations for training. In…

Histopathological image segmentation is a challenging and important topic in medical imaging with tremendous potential impact in clinical practice. State of the art methods rely on hand-crafted annotations which hinder clinical translation…

Most instance segmentation models are not end-to-end trainable due to either the incorporation of proposal estimation (RPN) as a pre-processing or non-maximum suppression (NMS) as a post-processing. Here we propose a novel end-to-end…

Recently deep neural networks, which require a large amount of annotated samples, have been widely applied in nuclei instance segmentation of H\&E stained pathology images. However, it is inefficient and unnecessary to label all pixels for…

Machine learning has been widely adopted for medical image analysis in recent years given its promising performance in image segmentation and classification tasks. As a data-driven science, the success of machine learning, in particular…

Accurate and efficient registration of whole slide images (WSIs) is essential for high-resolution, nuclei-level analysis in multi-stained tissue slides. We propose a novel coarse-to-fine framework CORE for accurate nuclei-level registration…