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Contingency Analysis (CA) is a core component of the Energy Management System (EMS) in the power grid. The goal of CA is to operate the power system in a secure manner by analyzing the system subject to a contingency (e.g., the outage of a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-05 Mohammad Ashiqur Rahman , Md Hasan Shahriar , Mohamadsaleh Jafari , Rahat Masum

Potential vulnerabilities in a power grid can be exposed by identifying those transmission lines on which attacks (in the form of interference with their transmission capabilities) causes maximum disruption to the grid. In this study, we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-03-10 Taedong Kim , Stephen J. Wright , Daniel Bienstock , Sean Harnett

Modern power networks face increasing vulnerability to cascading failures due to high complexity and the growing penetration of intermittent resources, necessitating rigorous security assessment beyond the conventional $N-1$ criterion.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-10 Alexandre Gracia-Calvo , Francesca Rossi , Eduardo Iraola , Juan Carlos Olives-Camps , Eduardo Prieto-Araujo

This work presents two methodologies to enhance vulnerability assessment in power systems using bilevel attacker-defender network interdiction models. First, we introduce a systematic evaluation procedure for comparing different optimal…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-20 Eric Tönges , Martin Braun , Philipp Härtel

Power system N-x contingency analysis has inherent challenges due to its combinatorial characteristic where outages grow exponentially with the increase of x and N. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a method that utilizes…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-08 Hao Huang , Zeyu Mao , Mohammad Rasoul Narimani , Katherine R. Davis

The increasing penetration of renewables is replacing traditional synchronous generation in modern power systems with low-inertia asynchronous converter-interfaced generators (CIGs). This penetration threatens the dynamic stability of the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-18 Xuezao Wang , Yijun Xu , Wei Gu , Kai Liu , Shuai Lu , Mert Korkali , Lamine Mili

Critical Infrastructures (CIs), such as smart power grids, transport systems, and financial infrastructures, are more and more vulnerable to cyber threats, due to the adoption of commodity computing facilities. Despite the use of several…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-05-09 L. Aniello , A. Bondavalli , A. Ceccarelli , C. Ciccotelli , M. Cinque , F. Frattini , A. Guzzo , A. Pecchia , A. Pugliese , L. Querzoni , S. Russo

Matrices associated with graphs, such as the Laplacian, lead to numerous interesting graph problems expressed as linear systems. One field where Laplacian linear systems play a role is network analysis, e. g. for certain centrality measures…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-11-09 Elisabetta Bergamini , Michael Wegner , Dimitar Lukarski , Henning Meyerhenke

Finding the important nodes in complex networks by topological structure is of great significance to network invulnerability. Several centrality measures have been proposed recently to evaluate the performance of nodes based on their…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Pengli Lu , Chen Dong , Yuhong Guo

A major aspect in power line distribution networks is the constant monitoring of the network properties. With the advent of the smart grid concept, distributed monitoring has started complementing the information of the central stations. In…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-02-07 Federico Passerini , Andrea M. Tonello

In complex networks, each node has some unique characteristics that define the importance of the node based on the given application-specific context. These characteristics can be identified using various centrality metrics defined in the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Akrati Saxena , Sudarshan Iyengar

This paper presents a complex systems overview of a power grid network. In recent years, concerns about the robustness of the power grid have grown because of several cascading outages in different parts of the world. In this paper,…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2010-06-24 Sakshi Pahwa , Amelia Hodges , Caterina Scoglio , Sean Wood

With the expansion of the power grid and the increase of the proportion of new energy sources, the uncertainty and random factors of the power grid increase, endangering the safe operation of the system. It is particularly important to find…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-13 Changgang Wang , Xianwei Wang , Yu Cao , Yang Li , Qi Lv , Yaoxin Zhang

Cascading failures are one of the main reasons for blackouts in power transmission grids. The topology of a power grid, together with its operative state determine, for the most part, the robustness of the power grid against cascading…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-06-18 Yakup Koç , Martijn Warnier , Piet Van Mieghem , Robert E. Kooij , Frances M. T. Brazier

Security is one of the biggest concern in power system operation. Recently, the emerging cyber security threats to operational functions of power systems arouse high public attention, and cybersecurity vulnerability thus become an emerging…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-13 Chunyu Chen , Yang Chen , Kaifeng Zhang , Wenjun Bi , Meng Tian

In the design flow of integrated circuits, chip-level verification is an important step that sanity checks the performance is as expected. Power grid verification is one of the most expensive and time-consuming steps of chip-level…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-09 Jim Jing-Yan Wang , Lan Yang , Jingbin Wang , Lorenzo Azevedo

Networked Control Systems (NCSs) are integral in critical infrastructures such as power grids, transportation networks, and production systems. Ensuring the resilient operation of these large-scale NCSs against cyber-attacks is crucial for…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-22 Sribalaji C. Anand , Anh Tung Nguyen , André M. H. Teixeira , Henrik Sandberg , Karl H. Johansson

Due to limited metering infrastructure, distribution grids are currently challenged by observability issues. On the other hand, smart meter data, including local voltage magnitudes and power injections, are communicated to the utility…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-12-21 Siddharth Bhela , Vassilis Kekatos , Sriharsha Veeramachaneni

In various applications involving complex networks, network measures are employed to assess the relative importance of network nodes. However, the robustness of such measures in the presence of link inaccuracies has not been well…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-01-15 John Platig , Ed Ott , Michelle Girvan

Centrality metrics have been widely applied to identify the nodes in a graph whose removal is effective in decomposing the graph into smaller sub-components. The node--removal process is generally used to test network robustness against…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-04-25 Lucia Cavallaro , Stefania Costantini , Pasquale De Meo , Antonio Liotta , Giovanni Stilo