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Related papers: A Survey on Deep Learning for Theorem Proving

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We describe a "top down" approach for automated theorem proving (ATP). Researchers might usefully investigate the forms of the theorems mathematicians use in practice, carefully examine how they differ and are proved in practice, and code…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-08-09 C. E. Larson , N. Van Cleemput

Traditional automated theorem provers for first-order logic depend on speed-optimized search and many handcrafted heuristics that are designed to work best over a wide range of domains. Machine learning approaches in literature either…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Eser Aygün , Laurent Orseau , Ankit Anand , Xavier Glorot , Vlad Firoiu , Lei M. Zhang , Doina Precup , Shibl Mourad

Traditional language model-based theorem proving assumes that by training on a sufficient amount of formal proof data, a model will learn to prove theorems. Our key observation is that a wealth of informal information that is not present in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Haohan Lin , Zhiqing Sun , Sean Welleck , Yiming Yang

Political science, and social science in general, have traditionally been using computational methods to study areas such as voting behavior, policy making, international conflict, and international development. More recently, increasingly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-15 Kakia Chatsiou , Slava Jankin Mikhaylov

Deep Learning (DL) techniques for Natural Language Processing have been evolving remarkably fast. Recently, the DL advances in language modeling, machine translation and paragraph understanding are so prominent that the potential of DL in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Triet H. M. Le , Hao Chen , M. Ali Babar

The ability to predict, anticipate and reason about future outcomes is a key component of intelligent decision-making systems. In light of the success of deep learning in computer vision, deep-learning-based video prediction emerged as a…

Mathematical theorems are human knowledge able to be accumulated in the form of symbolic representation, and proving theorems has been considered intelligent behavior. Based on the BHK interpretation and the Curry-Howard isomorphism, proof…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-04-18 Li-An Yang , Jui-Pin Liu , Chao-Hong Chen , Ying-ping Chen

Mathematics formalisation is the task of writing mathematics (i.e., definitions, theorem statements, proofs) in natural language, as found in books and papers, into a formal language that can then be checked for correctness by a program. It…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Ayush Agrawal , Siddhartha Gadgil , Navin Goyal , Ashvni Narayanan , Anand Tadipatri

We introduce ProofNet, a benchmark for autoformalization and formal proving of undergraduate-level mathematics. The ProofNet benchmarks consists of 371 examples, each consisting of a formal theorem statement in Lean 3, a natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-27 Zhangir Azerbayev , Bartosz Piotrowski , Hailey Schoelkopf , Edward W. Ayers , Dragomir Radev , Jeremy Avigad

In the recent years, we have linked a large corpus of formal mathematics with automated theorem proving (ATP) tools, and started to develop combined AI/ATP systems working in this setting. In this paper we first relate this project to the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-12-18 Josef Urban , Jiri Vyskocil

Text classification is the most fundamental and essential task in natural language processing. The last decade has seen a surge of research in this area due to the unprecedented success of deep learning. Numerous methods, datasets, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-23 Qian Li , Hao Peng , Jianxin Li , Congying Xia , Renyu Yang , Lichao Sun , Philip S. Yu , Lifang He

The field of speech processing has undergone a transformative shift with the advent of deep learning. The use of multiple processing layers has enabled the creation of models capable of extracting intricate features from speech data. This…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-31 Ambuj Mehrish , Navonil Majumder , Rishabh Bhardwaj , Rada Mihalcea , Soujanya Poria

Why does Deep Learning work? What representations does it capture? How do higher-order representations emerge? We study these questions from the perspective of group theory, thereby opening a new approach towards a theory of Deep learning.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-03-03 Arnab Paul , Suresh Venkatasubramanian

Noting that lemmas are a key feature of mathematics, we engage in an investigation of the role of lemmas in automated theorem proving. The paper describes experiments with a combined system involving learning technology that generates…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Michael Rawson , Christoph Wernhard , Zsolt Zombori , Wolfgang Bibel

Large Language Models (LLMs) have started to demonstrate the ability to persuade humans, yet our understanding of how this dynamic transpires is limited. Recent work has used linear probes, lightweight tools for analyzing model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Brandon Jaipersaud , David Krueger , Ekdeep Singh Lubana

This paper considers the development of an AI-based provably-correct mathematical proof tutor. While Large Language Models (LLMs) allow seamless communication in natural language, they are error prone. Theorem provers such as Lean allow for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Manooshree Patel , Rayna Bhattacharyya , Thomas Lu , Arnav Mehta , Niels Voss , Narges Norouzi , Gireeja Ranade

This paper considers the development of an AI-based provably-correct mathematical proof tutor. While Large Language Models (LLMs) allow seamless communication in natural language, they are error prone. Theorem provers such as Lean allow for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Manooshree Patel , Rayna Bhattacharyya , Thomas Lu , Arnav Mehta , Niels Voss , Narges Norouzi , Gireeja Ranade

Clustering is a fundamental machine learning task which has been widely studied in the literature. Classic clustering methods follow the assumption that data are represented as features in a vectorized form through various representation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Sheng Zhou , Hongjia Xu , Zhuonan Zheng , Jiawei Chen , Zhao li , Jiajun Bu , Jia Wu , Xin Wang , Wenwu Zhu , Martin Ester

Machine Learning algorithms have had a profound impact on the field of computer science over the past few decades. These algorithms performance is greatly influenced by the representations that are derived from the data in the learning…

Formal, automated theorem proving has long been viewed as a challenge to artificial intelligence. We introduce here a new approach to computer theorem proving, one that employs specialized language models for Lean4 proof generation combined…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Kelly J. Davis