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Quantum error correction is vital for implementing universal quantum computing. A key component is the encoding circuit that maps a product state of physical qubits into the encoded multipartite entangled logical state. Known methods are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-07 Xiaosi Xu , Simon C. Benjamin , Xiao Yuan

We propose a statistical framework built on latent variable modeling for scaling laws of large language models (LLMs). Our work is motivated by the rapid emergence of numerous new LLM families with distinct architectures and training…

Variational quantum eigensolvers (VQEs) are successful algorithms for studying physical systems on quantum computers. Recently, they were extended to the measurement-based model of quantum computing, bringing resource graph states and their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-27 Albie Chan , Zheng Shi , Luca Dellantonio , Wolfgang Dür , Christine A. Muschik

The quest for analytical solutions to differential equations has traditionally been constrained by the need for extensive mathematical expertise. Machine learning methods like genetic algorithms have shown promise in this domain, but are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Shu Wei , Yanjie Li , Lina Yu , Weijun Li , Min Wu , Linjun Sun , Jingyi Liu , Hong Qin , Yusong Deng , Jufeng Han , Yan Pang

The Variational Quantum Linear Solver (VQLS), a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for solving linear systems, faces a practical scalability bottleneck: the Linear Combination of Unitaries (LCU) decomposition requires O(L^2) circuit…

This work explores the tensor and combinatorial constructs underlying the linearised higher-order variational equations of a generic autonomous system along a particular solution. The main result of this paper is a compact yet explicit and…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2015-02-11 Sergi Simon

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has provided unprecedented capabilities for analyzing unstructured text data. However, deploying these models as reliable, robust, and scalable classifiers in production environments presents…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Doohee You , Andy Parisi , Zach Vander Velden , Lara Dantas Inojosa

The variational quantum eigensolver (or VQE) uses the variational principle to compute the ground state energy of a Hamiltonian, a problem that is central to quantum chemistry and condensed matter physics. Conventional computing methods are…

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is a method that uses a hybrid quantum-classical computational approach to find eigenvalues and eigenvalues of a Hamiltonian. VQE has been proposed as an alternative to fully quantum algorithms such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-01 Dmitry A. Fedorov , Bo Peng , Niranjan Govind , Yuri Alexeev

High-quality ordinary differential equation (ODE) solver libraries have a long history, going back to the 1970s. Over the past several years we have implemented, on top of the PETSc linear and nonlinear solver package, a new…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-06-06 Shrirang Abhyankar , Jed Brown , Emil M. Constantinescu , Debojyoti Ghosh , Barry F. Smith , Hong Zhang

This paper presents Mechanistic Neural Networks, a neural network design for machine learning applications in the sciences. It incorporates a new Mechanistic Block in standard architectures to explicitly learn governing differential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Adeel Pervez , Francesco Locatello , Efstratios Gavves

Solving sparse linear systems from discretized PDEs is challenging. Direct solvers have in many cases quadratic complexity (depending on geometry), while iterative solvers require problem dependent preconditioners to be robust and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-03-14 Kai Yang , Hadi Pouransari , Eric Darve

This paper presents a comprehensive survey of methods which can be utilized to search for solutions to systems of nonlinear equations (SNEs). Our objectives with this survey are to synthesize pertinent literature in this field by presenting…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2022-08-19 Ilias S. Kotsireas , Panos M. Pardalos , Alexander Semenov , William T. Trevena , Michael N. Vrahatis

Variational quantum algorithms have been one of the most intensively studied applications for near-term quantum computing applications. The noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) regime, where small enough algorithms can be run…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-19 Sebastian Brandhofer , Simon Devitt , Ilia Polian

Computational fluid dynamics lies at the heart of many issues in science and engineering, but solving the associated partial differential equations remains computationally demanding. With the rise of quantum computing, new approaches have…

We propose a simple and generic construction of the variational tensor network operators to study the quantum spin systems by the synergy of ideas from the imaginary-time evolution and variational optimization of trial wave functions. By…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-03-17 Yu-Hsueh Chen , Ke Hsu , Wei-Lin Tu , Hyun-Yong Lee , Ying-Jer Kao

A general method for solving linear differential equations of arbitrary order, is used to arrive at new representations for the solutions of the known differential equations, both without and with a source term. A new quasi-solvable…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2008-04-24 N. Gurappa , Pankaj K. Jha , Prasanta K. Panigrahi

A mean field variational Bayes approach to support vector machines (SVMs) using the latent variable representation on Polson & Scott (2012) is presented. This representation allows circumvention of many of the shortcomings associated with…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-05-14 Jan Luts , John T. Ormerod

We present a novel linear solver that works well for large systems obtained from discretizing PDEs. It is robust and, for the examples we studied, the computational effort scales linearly with the number of equations. The algorithm is based…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-20 Klaus Lackner , Ralph Menikoff

Partial differential equations (PDEs) are central to modeling physical and engineering systems, but repeatedly solving parametric PDEs remains computationally expensive. Operator learning enables fast surrogate inference, yet typically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-28 Chanyoung Kim , Myeonghwan Seong , Yujin Kim , Daniel K. Park , Youngjoon Hong