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Teaching a deep reinforcement learning (RL) agent to follow instructions in multi-task environments is a challenging problem. We consider that user defines every task by a linear temporal logic (LTL) formula. However, some causal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Duo Xu , Faramarz Fekri

Recently, AI systems have made remarkable progress in various tasks. Deep Reinforcement Learning(DRL) is an effective tool for agents to learn policies in low-level state spaces to solve highly complex tasks. Researchers have introduced…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Gabriele Sartor , Angelo Oddi , Riccardo Rasconi , Vieri Giuliano Santucci , Rosa Meo

Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning (HRL) approaches have shown successful results in solving a large variety of complex, structured, long-horizon problems. Nevertheless, a full theoretical understanding of this empirical evidence is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Gianluca Drappo , Alberto Maria Metelli , Marcello Restelli

Decision-making in complex, continuous multi-task environments is often hindered by the difficulty of obtaining accurate models for planning and the inefficiency of learning purely from trial and error. While precise environment dynamics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Jeff Jewett , Sandhya Saisubramanian

A major challenge for deep reinforcement learning (DRL) agents is to collaborate with novel partners that were not encountered by them during the training phase. This is specifically worsened by an increased variance in action responses…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Yi Loo , Chen Gong , Malika Meghjani

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is capable of learning high-performing policies on a variety of complex high-dimensional tasks, ranging from video games to robotic manipulation. However, standard DRL methods often suffer from poor sample…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-04 Caleb Chuck , Supawit Chockchowwat , Scott Niekum

In today's rapidly evolving military landscape, advancing artificial intelligence (AI) in support of wargaming becomes essential. Despite reinforcement learning (RL) showing promise for developing intelligent agents, conventional RL faces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Scotty Black

Large Language Model (LLM) agents have shown stunning results in complex tasks, yet they often operate in isolation, failing to learn from past experiences. Existing memory-based methods primarily store raw trajectories, which are often…

Information theoretic sensor management approaches are an ideal solution to state estimation problems when considering the optimal control of multi-agent systems, however they are too computationally intensive for large state spaces,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-02-02 William A. Dawson , Ruben Glatt , Edward Rusu , Braden C. Soper , Ryan A. Goldhahn

Learning policies for complex tasks that require multiple different skills is a major challenge in reinforcement learning (RL). It is also a requirement for its deployment in real-world scenarios. This paper proposes a novel framework for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-12-21 Tianmin Shu , Caiming Xiong , Richard Socher

A large variety of real-world Reinforcement Learning (RL) tasks is characterized by a complex and heterogeneous structure that makes end-to-end (or flat) approaches hardly applicable or even infeasible. Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Gianluca Drappo , Alberto Maria Metelli , Marcello Restelli

Effective governance and steering of behavior in complex multi-agent systems (MAS) are essential for managing system-wide outcomes, particularly in environments where interactions are structured by dynamic networks. In many applications,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Qiliang Chen , Babak Heydari

Large language model (LLM)-based agents have shown strong potential in multi-task scenarios, owing to their ability to transfer knowledge across diverse tasks. However, existing approaches often treat prior experiences and knowledge as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Shicheng Ye , Chao Yu , Kaiqiang Ke , Chengdong Xu , Yinqi Wei

Effective agent exploration remains a core challenge in reinforcement learning (RL) for complex discrete state-space environments, particularly under partial observability. This paper presents a decoupled hierarchical RL framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Qingyu Xiao , Yuanlin Chang , Youtian Du

Decision-making in military aviation Prognostics and Health Management (PHM) faces significant challenges due to the "curse of dimensionality" in large-scale fleet operations, combined with sparse feedback and stochastic mission profiles.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Yong Si , Mingfei Lu , Jing Li , Yang Hu , Guijiang Li , Yueheng Song , Zhaokui Wang

With the rapid development of big data and cloud computing, data management has become increasingly challenging. Over the years, a number of frameworks for data management and storage with various characteristics and features have become…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Tianru Zhang , Salman Toor , Andreas Hellander

Hierarchical reinforcement learning (HRL) holds great potential for sample-efficient learning on challenging long-horizon tasks. In particular, letting a higher level assign subgoals to a lower level has been shown to enable fast learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Nico Gürtler , Dieter Büchler , Georg Martius

Achieving safe and coordinated behavior in dynamic, constraint-rich environments remains a major challenge for learning-based control. Pure end-to-end learning often suffers from poor sample efficiency and limited reliability, while…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-10 Max Studt , Georg Schildbach

Decision making for self-driving cars is usually tackled by manually encoding rules from drivers' behaviors or imitating drivers' manipulation using supervised learning techniques. Both of them rely on mass driving data to cover all…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-12 Jingliang Duan , Shengbo Eben Li , Yang Guan , Qi Sun , Bo Cheng

Goal-conditioned hierarchical reinforcement learning (HRL) has shown promising results for solving complex and long-horizon RL tasks. However, the action space of high-level policy in the goal-conditioned HRL is often large, so it results…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Junsu Kim , Younggyo Seo , Jinwoo Shin