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Artificial intelligence has advanced rapidly through large neural networks trained on massive datasets using thousands of GPUs or TPUs. Such training can occupy entire data centers for weeks and requires enormous computational and energy…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-07 Artavazd Maranjyan

The aim of this paper is to develop a general framework for training neural networks (NNs) in a distributed environment, where training data is partitioned over a set of agents that communicate with each other through a sparse, possibly…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-04-21 Simone Scardapane , Paolo Di Lorenzo

Federated Learning (FL) is a machine learning paradigm that enables the training of a shared global model across distributed clients while keeping the training data local. While most prior work on designing systems for FL has focused on…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Mohamed Elzohairy , Mohak Chadha , Anshul Jindal , Andreas Grafberger , Jianfeng Gu , Michael Gerndt , Osama Abboud

In this article, we address the problem of federated learning in the presence of stragglers. For this problem, a coded federated learning framework has been proposed, where the central server aggregates gradients received from the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-07 Chengxi Li , Ming Xiao , Mikael Skoglund

Modern large-scale computing systems distribute jobs into multiple smaller tasks which execute in parallel to accelerate job completion rates and reduce energy consumption. However, a common performance problem in such systems is dealing…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-11-22 Shreshth Tuli , Sukhpal Singh Gill , Peter Garraghan , Rajkumar Buyya , Giuliano Casale , Nicholas R. Jennings

Adversarial training for LLMs is one of the most promising methods to reliably improve robustness against adversaries. However, despite significant progress, models remain vulnerable to simple in-distribution exploits, such as rewriting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Chengzhi Hu , Jonas Dornbusch , David Lüdke , Stephan Günnemann , Leo Schwinn

This paper is an empirical study of the distributed deep learning for question answering subtasks: answer selection and question classification. Comparison studies of SGD, MSGD, ADADELTA, ADAGRAD, ADAM/ADAMAX, RMSPROP, DOWNPOUR and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-08-05 Minwei Feng , Bing Xiang , Bowen Zhou

Distributed gradient descent (DGD) is an efficient way of implementing gradient descent (GD), especially for large data sets, by dividing the computation tasks into smaller subtasks and assigning to different computing servers (CSs) to be…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-11-29 Emre Ozfatura , Deniz Gunduz , Sennur Ulukus

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across distributed devices while preserving data privacy, but deployment on resource-constrained edge nodes remains challenging due to limited memory, energy, and communication…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Irene Tenison , Anna Murphy , Charles Beauville , Lalana Kagal

Federated Learning (FL) allows machine learning models to train locally on individual mobile devices, synchronizing model updates via a shared server. This approach safeguards user privacy; however, it also generates a heterogeneous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Irene Wang , Prashant J. Nair , Divya Mahajan

Cloud-edge-device hierarchical federated learning (HFL) has been recently proposed to achieve communication-efficient and privacy-preserving distributed learning. However, there exist several critical challenges, such as the single point of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Zhilin Wang , Qin Hu , Minghui Xu , Zeihui Xiong

Test-time adaptation (TTA) addresses distribution shifts for streaming test data in unsupervised settings. Currently, most TTA methods can only deal with minor shifts and rely heavily on heuristic and empirical studies. To advance TTA under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Shurui Gui , Xiner Li , Shuiwang Ji

Federated learning (FL) enables distributed training while preserving data privacy, but stragglers-slow or incapable clients-can significantly slow down the total training time and degrade performance. To mitigate the impact of stragglers,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Honggu Kang , Seohyeon Cha , Jinwoo Shin , Jongmyeong Lee , Joonhyuk Kang

The training of deep neural networks is inherently a nonconvex optimization problem, yet standard approaches such as stochastic gradient descent (SGD) require simultaneous updates to all parameters, often leading to unstable convergence and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Chengcheng Yan , Jiawei Xu , Zheng Peng , Qingsong Wang

We consider the setting where a master wants to run a distributed stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithm on $n$ workers, each having a subset of the data. Distributed SGD may suffer from the effect of stragglers, i.e., slow or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-08 Serge Kas Hanna , Rawad Bitar , Parimal Parag , Venkat Dasari , Salim El Rouayheb

Deploying models on target domain data subject to distribution shift requires adaptation. Test-time training (TTT) emerges as a solution to this adaptation under a realistic scenario where access to full source domain data is not available,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Yongyi Su , Xun Xu , Tianrui Li , Kui Jia

In today's production machine learning (ML) systems, models are continuously trained, improved, and deployed. ML design and training are becoming a continuous workflow of various tasks that have dynamic resource demands. Serverless…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Ahsan Ali , Syed Zawad , Paarijaat Aditya , Istemi Ekin Akkus , Ruichuan Chen , Feng Yan

Communication scheduling aims to reduce communication bottlenecks in data parallel training (DP) by maximizing the overlap between computation and communication. However, existing schemes fall short due to three main issues: (1) hard data…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Lin Meng , Yuzhong Sun

The main challenge in domain generalization (DG) is to handle the distribution shift problem that lies between the training and test data. Recent studies suggest that test-time training (TTT), which adapts the learned model with test data,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Liang Chen , Yong Zhang , Yibing Song , Ying Shan , Lingqiao Liu

In this paper, we consider hybrid parallelism -- a paradigm that employs both Data Parallelism (DP) and Model Parallelism (MP) -- to scale distributed training of large recommendation models. We propose a compression framework called…