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Reproducibility is a key requirement for scientific progress. It allows the reproduction of the works of others, and, as a consequence, to fully trust the reported claims and results. In this work, we argue that, by facilitating…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Alejandro Bellogín , Alan Said

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a crucial framework in natural language processing (NLP), improving factual consistency and reducing hallucinations by integrating external document retrieval with large language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Youngjoon Jang , Seongtae Hong , Junyoung Son , Sungjin Park , Chanjun Park , Heuiseok Lim

Large Language Models (LLMs) are now widely used for query reformulation and expansion in Information Retrieval, with many studies reporting substantial effectiveness gains. However, these results are typically obtained under heterogeneous…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Amin Bigdeli , Radin Hamidi Rad , Hai Son Le , Mert Incesu , Negar Arabzadeh , Charles L. A. Clarke , Ebrahim Bagheri

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in various language tasks but they often generate incorrect information, a phenomenon known as "hallucinations". Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) aims to mitigate this by using document retrieval for…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Hamin Koo , Minseon Kim , Sung Ju Hwang

Recent research has shown that transformer networks can be used as differentiable search indexes by representing each document as a sequences of document ID tokens. These generative retrieval models cast the retrieval problem to a document…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Hansi Zeng , Chen Luo , Bowen Jin , Sheikh Muhammad Sarwar , Tianxin Wei , Hamed Zamani

AI answer engines generate answers from retrieved pages but cite only a few sources. This makes visibility depend not just on ranking, but on being cited. We study competitive Generative Engine Optimization (GEO): when two retrieved…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Rahul Vishwakarma , Shushant Kumar , Ratnesh Jamidar

Candidate retrieval is a fundamental issue in recommendation system. Given user's recommendation request, relevant candidates need to be retrieved in realtime for subsequent ranking operations. Considering that the retrieval operation is…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-10-22 Zheng Liu , Yu Xing , Jianxun Lian , Defu Lian , Ziyao Li , Xing Xie

As Large Language Model (LLM) integration has accelerated in high-stakes domains, model hallucination is a critical issue. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a technique for addressing hallucination; however, RAG's multi-component…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Riddhi Tikoo

Recently, retrieval-augmented text generation attracted increasing attention of the computational linguistics community. Compared with conventional generation models, retrieval-augmented text generation has remarkable advantages and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Huayang Li , Yixuan Su , Deng Cai , Yan Wang , Lemao Liu

With the rapid development of AI-generated content (AIGC), the creation of high-quality AI-generated videos has become faster and easier, resulting in the Internet being flooded with all kinds of video content. However, the impact of these…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Haowen Gao , Liang Pang , Shicheng Xu , Leigang Qu , Tat-Seng Chua , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

Retrieval-augmented generation resorts to content retrieved from external sources in order to leverage the performance of large language models in downstream tasks. The excessive volume of retrieved content, the possible dispersion of its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 João Rodrigues , António Branco

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) based on knowledge graphs (KGs) enhances large language models (LLMs) by providing structured and interpretable external knowledge. However, existing KG-based RAG methods struggle to retrieve accurate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Junchi Yu , Yujie Liu , Jindong Gu , Philip Torr , Dongzhan Zhou

Generative AI models face the challenge of hallucinations that can undermine users' trust in such systems. We approach the problem of conversational information seeking as a two-step process, where relevant passages in a corpus are…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Weronika Łajewska , Krisztian Balog

Neural retrievers are effective but brittle: underspecified or ambiguous queries can misdirect ranking even when relevant documents exist. Existing approaches address this brittleness only partially: LLMs rewrite queries without retriever…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Moncef Garouani , Josiane Mothe

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has demonstrated strong effectiveness in knowledge-intensive tasks by grounding language generation in external evidence. Despite its success, many existing RAG systems are built based on a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Lichang Song , Ting Long , Yi Chang

Code comment generation aims to generate high-quality comments from source code automatically and has been studied for years. Recent studies proposed to integrate information retrieval techniques with neural generation models to tackle this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Hanzhen Lu , Zhongxin Liu

Retrieval augmented generation (RAG) enhances the accuracy and reliability of generative AI models by sourcing factual information from external databases, which is extensively employed in document-grounded question-answering (QA) tasks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Yuan Pu , Zhuolun He , Tairu Qiu , Haoyuan Wu , Bei Yu

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems address complex user requests by decomposing them into subqueries, retrieving potentially relevant documents for each, and then aggregating them to generate an answer. Efficiently selecting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Roxana Petcu , Kenton Murray , Daniel Khashabi , Evangelos Kanoulas , Maarten de Rijke , Dawn Lawrie , Kevin Duh

In the rapidly evolving fields of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML), the reproducibility crisis underscores the urgent need for clear validation methodologies to maintain scientific integrity and encourage advancement.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Abhyuday Desai , Mohamed Abdelhamid , Nakul R. Padalkar

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) improves large language models (LLMs) by using external knowledge to guide response generation, reducing hallucinations. However, RAG, particularly multi-modal RAG, can introduce new hallucination…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Matin Mortaheb , Mohammad A. Amir Khojastepour , Srimat T. Chakradhar , Sennur Ulukus
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