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Related papers: A Generic Approach to Fix Test Flakiness in Real-W…

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Flaky tests have gained attention from the research community in recent years and with good reason. These tests lead to wasted time and resources, and they reduce the reliability of the test suites and build systems they affect. However,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-05 Alan Romano , Zihe Song , Sampath Grandhi , Wei Yang , Weihang Wang

Developers always wish to ensure that their latest changes to the code base do not break existing functionality. If test cases fail, they expect these failures to be connected to the submitted changes. Unfortunately, a flaky test can be the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Azeem Ahmad , Ola Leifler , Kristian Sandahl

Non-deterministically behaving test cases cause developers to lose trust in their regression test suites and to eventually ignore failures. Detecting flaky tests is therefore a crucial task in maintaining code quality, as it builds the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Martin Gruber , Michael Heine , Norbert Oster , Michael Philippsen , Gordon Fraser

Flaky tests are tests that yield different outcomes when run on the same version of a program. This non-deterministic behaviour plagues continuous integration with false signals, wasting developers' time and reducing their trust in test…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-01 Amal Akli , Guillaume Haben , Sarra Habchi , Mike Papadakis , Yves Le Traon

Tests that cause spurious failures without any code changes, i.e., flaky tests, hamper regression testing, increase maintenance costs, may shadow real bugs, and decrease trust in tests. While the prevalence and importance of flakiness is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Martin Gruber , Stephan Lukasczyk , Florian Kroiß , Gordon Fraser

Automated regression testing is a cornerstone of modern software development, often contributing directly to code review and Continuous Integration (CI). Yet some tests suffer from flakiness, where their outcomes vary non-deterministically.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Tao Xiao , Dong Wang , Shane McIntosh , Hideaki Hata , Yasutaka Kamei

Software systems have been continuously evolved and delivered with high quality due to the widespread adoption of automated tests. A recurring issue hurting this scenario is the presence of flaky tests, a test case that may pass or fail…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-24 B. H. P. Camara , M. A. G. Silva , A. T. Endo , S. R. Vergilio

Flaky tests, tests that pass or fail nondeterministically without changes to code or environment, pose a serious threat to software reliability. While classical software engineering has developed a rich body of dynamic and static techniques…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Dongchan Kim , Hamidreza Khoramrokh , Lei Zhang , Andriy Miranskyy

Flaky tests can pass or fail non-deterministically, without alterations to a software system. Such tests are frequently encountered by developers and hinder the credibility of test suites. State-of-the-art research incorporates machine…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Shizhe Lin , Ryan Zheng He Liu , Ladan Tahvildari

Software testing assures that code changes do not adversely affect existing functionality. However, a test case can be flaky, i.e., passing and failing across executions, even for the same version of the source code. Flaky test cases…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-02 Sakina Fatima , Taher A. Ghaleb , Lionel Briand

In recent years, software engineers have explored ways to assist quantum software programmers. Our goal in this paper is to continue this exploration and see if quantum software programmers deal with some problems plaguing classical…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Lei Zhang , Mahsa Radnejad , Andriy Miranskyy

Flaky tests exhibit non-deterministic behavior during execution and they may pass or fail without any changes to the program under test. Detecting and classifying these flaky tests is crucial for maintaining the robustness of automated test…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Riddhi More , Jeremy S. Bradbury

Flaky tests pass and fail non-deterministically when run on the same version of code. Although many techniques have been proposed to detect, debug, and repair flaky tests, reproducing their failures remains a major challenge due to their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Suzzana Rafi , Mahbub-Ul-Hoque Sumon , Md Erfan , Maruf Morshed Khan , August Shi , Wing Lam

Test flakiness is a problem that affects testing and processes that rely on it. Several factors cause or influence the flakiness of test outcomes. Test execution order, randomness and concurrency are some of the more common and well-studied…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Shawn Rasheed , Jens Dietrich , Amjed Tahir

Flaky tests cause significant problems as they can interrupt automated build processes that rely on all tests succeeding and undermine the trustworthiness of tests. Numerous causes of test flakiness have been identified, and program…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-08-03 Jens Dietrich , Shawn Rasheed , Amjed Tahir

Background. Automated test execution is an important activity to gather information about the quality of a software project. So-called flaky tests, however, negatively affect this process. Such tests fail seemingly at random without changes…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Alexander Berndt , Zoltán Nochta , Thomas Bach

Non-deterministic test behavior, or flakiness, is common and dreaded among developers. Researchers have studied the issue and proposed approaches to mitigate it. However, the vast majority of previous work has only considered…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Martin Gruber , Muhammad Firhard Roslan , Owain Parry , Fabian Scharnböck , Phil McMinn , Gordon Fraser

Flaky tests (tests with non-deterministic outcomes) can be problematic for testing efficiency and software reliability. Flaky tests in test suites can also significantly delay software releases. There have been several studies that attempt…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Negar Hashemi , Amjed Tahir , Shawn Rasheed

Flaky tests, which exhibit non-deterministic pass/fail behavior for the same version of code, pose significant challenges to reliable regression testing. While large language models (LLMs) promise for automated flaky test classification,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Khondaker Tasnia Hoque , Toukir Ahammed

The role of regression testing in software testing is crucial as it ensures that any new modifications do not disrupt the existing functionality and behaviour of the software system. The desired outcome is for regression tests to yield…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Xin Sun , Daniel Ståhl , Kristian Sandahl