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Related papers: Belief Bias Identification

200 papers

Opinion Dynamics lacks a theoretical basis. In this article, I propose to use a decision-theoretic framework, based on the updating of subjective probabilities, as that basis. We will see we get a basic tool for a better understanding of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-11-21 Andre C. R. Martins

With an increased focus on incorporating fairness in machine learning models, it becomes imperative not only to assess and mitigate bias at each stage of the machine learning pipeline but also to understand the downstream impacts of bias…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Pavan Ravishankar , Qingyu Mo , Edward McFowland , Daniel B. Neill

Minimizing social bias strengthens societal bonds, promoting shared understanding and better decision-making. We revisit the definition of bias by discovering new bias types (e.g., societal status) in dynamic environments and describe them…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Jia Xu , Mona Diab

Bayesian inference is limited in scope because it cannot be applied in idealized contexts where none of the hypotheses under consideration is true and because it is committed to always using the likelihood as a measure of evidential…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2019-09-17 Olav Benjamin Vassend

Misinformation is a growing societal threat, and susceptibility to misinformative claims varies across demographic groups due to differences in underlying beliefs. As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to simulate human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Angana Borah , Zohaib Khan , Rada Mihalcea , Verónica Pérez-Rosas

This paper proposes a theory of stock market predictability patterns based on a model of heterogeneous beliefs. In a discrete finite time framework, some agents receive news about an asset's fundamental value through a noisy signal. The…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2024-06-13 Jiho Park

We provide an approach to exploratory data analysis in matched observational studies with a single intervention and multiple endpoints. In such settings, the researcher would like to explore evidence for actual treatment effects among these…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-10 Mengqi Lin , Colin Fogarty

This work introduces a Bayesian framework that unifies a wide class of opinion dynamics models. In this framework, an individual's opinion on a topic is the expected value of their belief, represented as a random variable with a prior…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-08-25 Yen-Shao Chen , Tauhid Zaman

Prior beliefs are central to Bayesian accounts of cognition, but many of these accounts do not directly measure priors. More specifically, initial states of belief heavily influence how new information is assumed to be utilized when…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-01-11 Peter A. V. DiBerardino , Alexandre L. S. Filipowicz , James Danckert , Britt Anderson

This paper proposes a new way of evaluating the accuracy and validity of probabilistic forecasts that change over time (such as an in-game win probability model, or an election forecast). Under this approach, each model to be evaluated is…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-11 Michael Beuoy

Human history has been marked by social instability and conflict, often driven by the irreconcilability of opposing sets of beliefs, ideologies, and religious dogmas. The dynamics of belief systems has been studied mainly from two distinct…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-02-08 Nathaniel Rodriguez , Johan Bollen , Yong-Yeol Ahn

Numerous multimodal misinformation benchmarks exhibit bias toward specific modalities, allowing detectors to make predictions based solely on one modality. While previous research has quantified bias at the dataset level or manually…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Hehai Lin , Hui Liu , Shilei Cao , Jing Li , Haoliang Li , Wenya Wang

The recent advancements in Deep Learning models and techniques have led to significant strides in performance across diverse tasks and modalities. However, while the overall capabilities of models show promising growth, our understanding of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Erik Arakelyan

Positional bias in binary question answering occurs when a model systematically favors one choice over another based solely on the ordering of presented options. In this study, we quantify and analyze positional bias across five large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Tiziano Labruna , Simone Gallo , Giovanni Da San Martino

Most subjective probability aggregation procedures use a single probability judgment from each expert, even though it is common for experts studying real problems to update their probability estimates over time. This paper advances into…

Statistical hypothesis testing serves as statistical evidence for scientific innovation. However, if the reported results are intentionally biased, hypothesis testing no longer controls the rate of false discovery. In particular, we study…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-10-12 Junpei Komiyama , Takanori Maehara

Confirmation bias, the tendency to seek evidence that supports rather than challenges one's belief, hinders one's reasoning ability. We examine whether large language models (LLMs) exhibit confirmation bias by adapting the rule-discovery…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Ayush Rajesh Jhaveri , Anthony GX-Chen , Ilia Sucholutsky , Eunsol Choi

Recommender systems are seen as an effective tool to address information overload, but it is widely known that the presence of various biases makes direct training on large-scale observational data result in sub-optimal prediction…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-04-19 Haoxuan Li , Yanghao Xiao , Chunyuan Zheng , Peng Wu

When machine learning systems meet real world applications, accuracy is only one of several requirements. In this paper, we assay a complementary perspective originating from the increasing availability of pre-trained and regularly…

It is well known that a Bayesian probability forecast for all future observations should be a probability measure in order to satisfy a natural condition of coherence. The main topics of this paper are the evolution of the Bayesian…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-02 Vladimir Vovk