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The successful application of large pre-trained models such as BERT in natural language processing has attracted more attention from researchers. Since the BERT typically acts as an end-to-end black box, classification systems based on it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Shuai Jiang , Sayaka Kamei , Chen Li , Shengzhe Hou , Yasuhiko Morimoto

Text classification has become indispensable due to the rapid increase of text in digital form. Over the past three decades, efforts have been made to approach this task using various learning algorithms and statistical models based on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-11 Erica K. Shimomoto , Lincon S. Souza , Bernardo B. Gatto , Kazuhiro Fukui

Semantic textual similarity is the task of estimating the similarity between the meaning of two texts. In this paper, we fine-tune transformer architectures for semantic textual similarity on the Semantic Textual Similarity Benchmark by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Ivan Rep , Vladimir Čeperić

The increasing prevalence of microphones in everyday devices and the growing reliance on online services have amplified the risk of acoustic side-channel attacks (ASCAs) targeting keyboards. This study explores deep learning techniques,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Jin Hyun Park , Seyyed Ali Ayati , Yichen Cai

Social media networks and chatting platforms often use an informal version of natural text. Adversarial spelling attacks also tend to alter the input text by modifying the characters in the text. Normalizing these texts is an essential step…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-26 Fenil Doshi , Jimit Gandhi , Deep Gosalia , Sudhir Bagul

Visual object tracking plays a critical role in visual-based autonomous systems, as it aims to estimate the position and size of the object of interest within a live video. Despite significant progress made in this field, state-of-the-art…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Jianlang Chen , Xuhong Ren , Qing Guo , Felix Juefei-Xu , Di Lin , Wei Feng , Lei Ma , Jianjun Zhao

With the advancement of vision transformers (ViTs) and self-supervised learning (SSL) techniques, pre-trained large ViTs have become the new foundation models for computer vision applications. However, studies have shown that, like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Weijie Zheng , Xingjun Ma , Hanxun Huang , Zuxuan Wu , Yu-Gang Jiang

Adversarial attacks on machine learning algorithms have been a key deterrent to the adoption of AI in many real-world use cases. They significantly undermine the ability of high-performance neural networks by forcing misclassifications.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Nandish Chattopadhyay , Atreya Goswami , Anupam Chattopadhyay

Adversarial training (AT) as a regularization method has proved its effectiveness in various tasks, such as image classification and text classification. Though there are successful applications of AT in many tasks of natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Ziqing Yang , Yiming Cui , Wanxiang Che , Ting Liu , Shijin Wang , Guoping Hu

We attribute the vulnerability of natural language processing models to the fact that similar inputs are converted to dissimilar representations in the embedding space, leading to inconsistent outputs, and we propose a novel robust training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-28 Yichen Yang , Xiaosen Wang , Kun He

Many adversarial attacks in NLP perturb inputs to produce visually similar strings ('ergo' $\rightarrow$ '$\epsilon$rgo') which are legible to humans but degrade model performance. Although preserving legibility is a necessary condition for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Dev Seth , Rickard Stureborg , Danish Pruthi , Bhuwan Dhingra

Adversarial attacks expose vulnerabilities of deep learning models by introducing minor perturbations to the input, which lead to substantial alterations in the output. Our research focuses on the impact of such adversarial attacks on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Pavel Burnyshev , Elizaveta Kostenok , Alexey Zaytsev

The increasing reliance on machine learning systems has made their security a critical concern. Evasion attacks enable adversaries to manipulate the decision-making processes of AI systems, potentially causing security breaches or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Kasper Cools , Clara Maathuis , Alexander M. van Oers , Claudia S. Hübner , Nikos Deligiannis , Marijke Vandewal , Geert De Cubber

To build an interpretable neural text classifier, most of the prior work has focused on designing inherently interpretable models or finding faithful explanations. A new line of work on improving model interpretability has just started, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-20 Hanjie Chen , Yangfeng Ji

Existing computer vision research in categorization struggles with fine-grained attributes recognition due to the inherently high intra-class variances and low inter-class variances. SOTA methods tackle this challenge by locating the most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-01 Marcos V. Conde , Kerem Turgutlu

The large integration of microphones into devices increases the opportunities for Acoustic Side-Channel Attacks (ASCAs), as these can be used to capture keystrokes' audio signals that might reveal sensitive information. However, the current…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Seyyed Ali Ayati , Jin Hyun Park , Yichen Cai , Marcus Botacin

There are two cases describing how a classifier processes input text, namely, misclassification and correct classification. In terms of misclassified texts, a classifier handles the texts with both incorrect predictions and adversarial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Hoang-Quoc Nguyen-Son , Seira Hidano , Kazuhide Fukushima , Shinsaku Kiyomoto

Social networks have become an indispensable part of our lives, with billions of people producing ever-increasing amounts of text. At such scales, content policies and their enforcement become paramount. To automate moderation, questionable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Rasika Bhalerao , Mohammad Al-Rubaie , Anand Bhaskar , Igor Markov

With the rapid advancement and widespread application of vision-language pre-training (VLP) models, their vulnerability to adversarial attacks has become a critical concern. In general, the adversarial examples can typically be designed to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yuanbo Li , Tianyang Xu , Cong Hu , Tao Zhou , Xiao-Jun Wu , Josef Kittler

Text-to-image models are vulnerable to the stepwise "Divide-and-Conquer Attack" (DACA) that utilize a large language model to obfuscate inappropriate content in prompts by wrapping sensitive text in a benign narrative. To mitigate stepwise…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Portia Cooper , Harshita Narnoli , Mihai Surdeanu