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Large language model (LLM) serving is becoming an increasingly critical workload for cloud providers. Existing LLM serving systems focus on interactive requests, such as chatbots and coding assistants, with tight latency SLO requirements.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Archit Patke , Dhemath Reddy , Saurabh Jha , Haoran Qiu , Christian Pinto , Chandra Narayanaswami , Zbigniew Kalbarczyk , Ravishankar Iyer

Long-term planning in complex, text-based environments presents significant challenges due to open-ended action spaces, ambiguous observations, and sparse feedback. Recent research suggests that large language models (LLMs) encode rich…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Haoye Lu , Pavan Seshadri , Kaheer Suleman

Large Language Model (LLM) serving faces a fundamental tension between stringent latency Service Level Objectives (SLOs) and limited GPU memory capacity. When high request rates exhaust the KV cache budget, existing LLM inference systems…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Jiahuan Yu , Mingtao Hu , Zichao Lin , Minjia Zhang

Speculative decoding and dynamic sparse attention are two complementary approaches for accelerating long-context LLM inference: the former amortizes target-model execution across multiple verifier queries, while the latter reduces each…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Zhibin Wang , Ziyu Zhong , Nuo Shen , Yuhang Zhou , Rong Gu , Sheng Zhong

The ever-increasing gap between compute and I/O performance in HPC platforms, together with the development of novel NVMe storage devices (NVRAM), led to the emergence of the burst buffer concept - an intermediate persistent storage layer…

Performance · Computer Science 2021-11-22 Jan Kopanski

While model serving has unlocked unprecedented capabilities, the high cost of serving large-scale models continues to be a significant barrier to widespread accessibility and rapid innovation. Compiler optimizations have long driven…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Annabelle Sujun Tang , Christopher Priebe , Rohan Mahapatra , Lianhui Qin , Hadi Esmaeilzadeh

Long-term time-series forecasting (LTTF) has become a pressing demand in many applications, such as wind power supply planning. Transformer models have been adopted to deliver high prediction capacity because of the high computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-06 Yan Li , Xinjiang Lu , Haoyi Xiong , Jian Tang , Jiantao Su , Bo Jin , Dejing Dou

The emergence of pre-trained language models (PLMs) has shown great success in many Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks including text classification. Due to the minimal to no feature engineering required when using these models, PLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Yasmen Wahba , Nazim Madhavji , John Steinbacher

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) opened up new directions for leveraging the collective expertise of multiple LLMs. These methods, such as Mixture-of-Agents, typically employ additional inference steps to generate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Junlin Wang , Jue Wang , Zhen , Xu , Ben Athiwaratkun , Bhuwan Dhingra , Ce Zhang , James Zou

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit impressive capabilities across various applications but encounter substantial challenges such as high inference latency, considerable training costs, and the generation of hallucinations. Collaborative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Kaiyan Zhang , Jianyu Wang , Ning Ding , Biqing Qi , Ermo Hua , Xingtai Lv , Bowen Zhou

The integration of large language models (LLMs) and search engines represents a significant evolution in knowledge acquisition methodologies. However, determining the knowledge that an LLM already possesses and the knowledge that requires…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Jiejun Tan , Zhicheng Dou , Yutao Zhu , Peidong Guo , Kun Fang , Ji-Rong Wen

Recent progress in Language Models (LMs) has dramatically advanced the field of natural language processing (NLP), excelling at tasks like text generation, summarization, and question answering. However, their inference remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Adarsh Prasad Behera , Jaya Prakash Champati , Roberto Morabito , Sasu Tarkoma , James Gross

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely adopted due to their remarkable performance across various applications, driving the accelerated development of a large number of diverse models. However, these individual LLMs show limitations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Kaushal Kumar Maurya , KV Aditya Srivatsa , Ekaterina Kochmar

This work introduces the Supervised Expectation-Maximization Framework (SEMF), a versatile and model-agnostic approach for generating prediction intervals with any ML model. SEMF extends the Expectation-Maximization algorithm, traditionally…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-30 Ilia Azizi , Marc-Olivier Boldi , Valérie Chavez-Demoulin

Analyzing large datasets requires responsive query execution, but executing SQL queries on massive datasets can be slow. This paper explores whether query execution can begin even before the user has finished typing, allowing results to…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Haoyu Li , Srikanth Kandula , Maria Angels de Luis Balaguer , Aditya Akella , Venkat Arun

AI agents are increasingly deployed in complex, interactive environments, yet their runtime remains a major bottleneck for training, evaluation, and real-world use. Typical agent behavior unfolds sequentially, with each action requiring an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Naimeng Ye , Arnav Ahuja , Georgios Liargkovas , Yunan Lu , Kostis Kaffes , Tianyi Peng

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to automate software engineering tasks, including the generation of UML class diagrams from natural language descriptions. While prior work demonstrates that LLMs can produce…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Rabia Iftikhar , Andreas Rausch

LAPS identifies and disaggregates requests with different prompt lengths in LLM serving to reduce TTFT latency. While recent systems have decoupled the prefill and decode stages to improve throughput, they still rely on unified scheduling…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Jianshu She , Zonghang Li , Hongchao Du , Shangyu Wu , Wenhao Zheng , Eric Xing , Zhengzhong Liu , Huaxiu Yao , Jason Xue , Qirong Ho

Sequential recommender systems aim to predict users' next interested item given their historical interactions. However, a long-standing issue is how to distinguish between users' long/short-term interests, which may be heterogeneous and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Muyang Li , Zijian Zhang , Xiangyu Zhao , Wanyu Wang , Minghao Zhao , Runze Wu , Ruocheng Guo

Traffic flow forecasting aims to predict future traffic flows based on the historical traffic conditions and the road network. It is an important problem in intelligent transportation systems, with a plethora of methods been proposed.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Yusheng Zhao , Xiao Luo , Haomin Wen , Zhiping Xiao , Wei Ju , Ming Zhang