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The swift evolution of Large-scale Models (LMs), either language-focused or multi-modal, has garnered extensive attention in both academy and industry. But despite the surge in interest in this rapidly evolving area, there are scarce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Xinrun Xu , Yuxin Wang , Chaoyi Xu , Ziluo Ding , Jiechuan Jiang , Zhiming Ding , Börje F. Karlsson

Letting AI agents interact in multi-agent applications adds a layer of complexity to the interpretability and prediction of AI outcomes, with profound implications for their trustworthy adoption in research and society. Game theory offers…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Alessio Buscemi , Daniele Proverbio , Alessandro Di Stefano , The-Anh Han , German Castignani , Pietro Liò

Understanding decision-making in multi-AI-agent frameworks is crucial for analyzing strategic interactions in network-effect-driven contexts. This study investigates how AI agents navigate network-effect games, where individual payoffs…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yu Liu , Wenwen Li , Yifan Dou , Guangnan Ye

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly serve as the central control unit of AI agents, yet current approaches remain limited in their ability to deliver personalized interactions. While Retrieval Augmented Generation enhances LLM…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Rebecca Westhäußer , Wolfgang Minker , Sebatian Zepf

Large Language Model (LLM) agents are increasingly deployed in multi-agent systems requiring strategic coordination. While recent work has analyzed LLM behavior in two-player games, coalition formation, where $n$ agents dynamically form…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Dongxin Guo , Jikun Wu , Siu-Ming Yiu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated emergent common-sense reasoning and Theory of Mind (ToM) capabilities, making them promising candidates for developing coordination agents. This study introduces the LLM-Coordination Benchmark,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Saaket Agashe , Yue Fan , Anthony Reyna , Xin Eric Wang

This paper introduces LLM-MARL, a unified framework that incorporates large language models (LLMs) into multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) to enhance coordination, communication, and generalization in simulated game environments. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Zhengyang Li , Sawyer Campos , Nana Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit robust problem-solving capabilities for diverse tasks. However, most LLM-based agents are designed as specific task solvers with sophisticated prompt engineering, rather than agents capable of learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Wenqi Zhang , Ke Tang , Hai Wu , Mengna Wang , Yongliang Shen , Guiyang Hou , Zeqi Tan , Peng Li , Yueting Zhuang , Weiming Lu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled Multi-Agent Systems (MASs) where agents interact through natural language to solve complex tasks or simulate multi-party dialogues. Recent work on LLM-based MASs has mainly focused on architecture…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Yuxiao Ye , Yiming Zhang , Yiran Ma , Huiyuan Xie , Huining Zhu , Zhiyuan Liu

To improve the reasoning and question-answering capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), several multi-agent approaches have been introduced. While these methods enhance performance, the application of collective intelligence-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Ciaran Regan , Alexandre Gournail , Mizuki Oka

Diplomacy is a complex multiplayer game that requires both cooperation and competition, posing significant challenges for AI systems. Traditional methods rely on equilibrium search to generate extensive game data for training, which demands…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Kaixuan Xu , Jiajun Chai , Sicheng Li , Yuqian Fu , Yuanheng Zhu , Dongbin Zhao

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to simulate social behaviour, yet their political biases and interaction dynamics in debates remain underexplored. We investigate how LLM type and agent gender attributes influence…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Aishwarya Bandaru , Fabian Bindley , Trevor Bluth , Nandini Chavda , Baixu Chen , Ethan Law

Large Language Models (LLMs) need to adapt their predictions to diverse cultural contexts to benefit diverse communities across the world. While previous efforts have focused on single-LLM, single-turn approaches, we propose to exploit the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Dayeon Ki , Rachel Rudinger , Tianyi Zhou , Marine Carpuat

Social media platforms frequently impose restrictive policies to moderate user content, prompting the emergence of creative evasion language strategies. This paper presents a multi-agent framework based on Large Language Models (LLMs) to…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Jinyu Cai , Yusei Ishimizu , Mingyue Zhang , Munan Li , Jialong Li , Kenji Tei

The final frontier for simulation is the accurate representation of complex, real-world social systems. While agent-based modeling (ABM) seeks to study the behavior and interactions of agents within a larger system, it is unable to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Edward Junprung

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as autonomous agents, understanding how strategic behavior emerges in multi-agent environments has become an important alignment challenge. We take a neutral empirical stance and…

Large Language Model (LLM) agents have demonstrated impressive capabilities for social interaction and are increasingly being deployed in situations where they might engage with both human and artificial agents. These interactions represent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Chandler Smith , Marwa Abdulhai , Manfred Diaz , Marko Tesic , Rakshit S. Trivedi , Alexander Sasha Vezhnevets , Lewis Hammond , Jesse Clifton , Minsuk Chang , Edgar A. Duéñez-Guzmán , John P. Agapiou , Jayd Matyas , Danny Karmon , Akash Kundu , Aliaksei Korshuk , Ananya Ananya , Arrasy Rahman , Avinaash Anand Kulandaivel , Bain McHale , Beining Zhang , Buyantuev Alexander , Carlos Saith Rodriguez Rojas , Caroline Wang , Chetan Talele , Chenao Liu , Chichen Lin , Diana Riazi , Di Yang Shi , Emanuel Tewolde , Elizaveta Tennant , Fangwei Zhong , Fuyang Cui , Gang Zhao , Gema Parreño Piqueras , Hyeonggeun Yun , Ilya Makarov , Jiaxun Cui , Jebish Purbey , Jim Dilkes , Jord Nguyen , Lingyun Xiao , Luis Felipe Giraldo , Manuela Chacon-Chamorro , Manuel Sebastian Rios Beltran , Marta Emili García Segura , Mengmeng Wang , Mogtaba Alim , Nicanor Quijano , Nico Schiavone , Olivia Macmillan-Scott , Oswaldo Peña , Peter Stone , Ram Mohan Rao Kadiyala , Rolando Fernandez , Ruben Manrique , Sunjia Lu , Sheila A. McIlraith , Shamika Dhuri , Shuqing Shi , Siddhant Gupta , Sneheel Sarangi , Sriram Ganapathi Subramanian , Taehun Cha , Toryn Q. Klassen , Wenming Tu , Weijian Fan , Wu Ruiyang , Xue Feng , Yali Du , Yang Liu , Yiding Wang , Yipeng Kang , Yoonchang Sung , Yuxuan Chen , Zhaowei Zhang , Zhihan Wang , Zhiqiang Wu , Ziang Chen , Zilong Zheng , Zixia Jia , Ziyan Wang , Dylan Hadfield-Menell , Natasha Jaques , Tim Baarslag , Jose Hernandez-Orallo , Joel Z. Leibo

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) raises critical concerns about their ethical alignment, particularly in scenarios where human and AI co-exist under the conflict of interest. This work introduces an extendable,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Zhihong Chen , Yiqian Yang , Jinzhao Zhou , Qiang Zhang , Chin-Teng Lin , Yiqun Duan

This position paper examines the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) in social simulation, analyzing their potential and limitations from a computational social science perspective. We first review recent findings on LLMs' ability to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Patrick Taillandier , Jean Daniel Zucker , Arnaud Grignard , Benoit Gaudou , Nghi Quang Huynh , Alexis Drogoul

The behavior of Large Language Models (LLMs) as artificial social agents is largely unexplored, and we still lack extensive evidence of how these agents react to simple social stimuli. Testing the behavior of AI agents in classic Game…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Nicoló Fontana , Francesco Pierri , Luca Maria Aiello