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Building agentic systems that can autonomously self-improve from experience is a longstanding goal of AI. Large language models (LLMs) today primarily self-improve via two mechanisms: self-reflection for context updates, and reinforcement…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Lunjun Zhang , Ryan Chen , Bradly C. Stadie

Expensive multi-objective optimization problems (EMOPs) are common in real-world scenarios where evaluating objective functions is costly and involves extensive computations or physical experiments. Current Pareto set learning methods for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Minh-Duc Nguyen , Phuong Mai Dinh , Quang-Huy Nguyen , Long P. Hoang , Dung D. Le

Planning is a powerful approach to reinforcement learning with several desirable properties. However, it requires a model of the world, which is not readily available in many real-life problems. In this paper, we propose to learn a world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Thor V. A. N. Olesen , Dennis T. T. Nguyen , Rasmus Berg Palm , Sebastian Risi

Preference learning in Large Language Models (LLMs) has advanced significantly, yet existing methods remain limited by modest performance gains, high computational costs, hyperparameter sensitivity, and insufficient modeling of global…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Liang Zhu , Yuelin Bai , Xiankun Ren , Jiaxi Yang , Lei Zhang , Feiteng Fang , Hamid Alinejad-Rokny , Minghuan Tan , Min Yang

Unrolled computation graphs arise in many scenarios, including training RNNs, tuning hyperparameters through unrolled optimization, and training learned optimizers. Current approaches to optimizing parameters in such computation graphs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Paul Vicol , Luke Metz , Jascha Sohl-Dickstein

Multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) approaches have emerged to tackle many real-world problems with multiple conflicting objectives by maximizing a joint objective function weighted by a preference vector. These approaches find…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Toygun Basaklar , Suat Gumussoy , Umit Y. Ogras

As more and more robots are envisioned to cooperate with humans sharing the same space, it is desired for robots to be able to predict others' trajectories to navigate in a safe and self-explanatory way. We propose a Convolutional Neural…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Dapeng Zhao

With the onset of large language models (LLMs), the performance of artificial intelligence (AI) models is becoming increasingly multi-dimensional. Accordingly, there have been several large, multi-dimensional evaluation frameworks put…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Sean Steinle

Recently, there has been significant interest in replacing the reward model in Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback (RLHF) methods for Large Language Models (LLMs), such as Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) and its variants. These…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Jian Li , Haojing Huang , Yujia Zhang , Pengfei Xu , Xi Chen , Rui Song , Lida Shi , Jingwen Wang , Hao Xu

Aligning large language models with human preferences is critical for creating reliable and controllable AI systems. A human preference can be visualized as a high-dimensional vector where different directions represent trade-offs between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Ruochen Mao , Yuling Shi , Xiaodong Gu , Jiaheng Wei

In many real-world applications, the Pareto Set (PS) of a continuous multiobjective optimization problem can be a piecewise continuous manifold. A decision maker may want to find a solution set that approximates a small part of the PS and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Ping Guo , Qingfu Zhang , Xi Lin

Recent advances in learnable evolutionary algorithms have demonstrated the importance of leveraging population distribution information and historical evolutionary trajectories. While significant progress has been made in continuous…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Jiaxiang Huang , Licheng Jiao

Recently, evolutionary multitasking has been employed to generate a ``set of Pareto sets" (SOS) for machine learning models, addressing diverse task settings across heterogeneous environments. This involves creating a repository of compact,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Jiao Liu , Yew Soon Ong , Melvin Wong

Pareto Front Learning (PFL) was recently introduced as an efficient method for approximating the entire Pareto front, the set of all optimal solutions to a Multi-Objective Optimization (MOO) problem. In the previous work, the mapping…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-15 Tran Anh Tuan , Long P. Hoang , Dung D. Le , Tran Ngoc Thang

Multiobjective combinatorial optimization (MOCO) problems can be found in many real-world applications. However, exactly solving these problems would be very challenging, particularly when they are NP-hard. Many handcrafted heuristic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Xi Lin , Zhiyuan Yang , Qingfu Zhang

Recent advancements have highlighted that large language models (LLMs), when given a small set of task-specific examples, demonstrate remarkable proficiency, a capability that extends to complex reasoning tasks. In particular, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Mathurin Videau , Alessandro Leite , Marc Schoenauer , Olivier Teytaud

Pareto set learning (PSL) is an emerging paradigm in multi-objective optimization that trains neural networks to map preference vectors to Pareto optimal solutions. However, existing PSL methods primarily focus on solving a single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Xinyue Chen , Yingxuan Liang , Yiqin Huang , Chikai Shang , Hai-Lin Liu , Fangqing Gu

We consider the problem of learning to choose from a given set of objects, where each object is represented by a feature vector. Traditional approaches in choice modelling are mainly based on learning a latent, real-valued utility function,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Karlson Pfannschmidt , Eyke Hüllermeier

Evolutionary Computation algorithms have been used to solve optimization problems in relation with architectural, hyper-parameter or training configuration, forging the field known today as Neural Architecture Search. These algorithms have…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Javier Poyatos , Daniel Molina , Aitor Martínez , Javier Del Ser , Francisco Herrera

Evolutionary sparse learning (ESL) uses a supervised machine learning approach, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO), to build models explaining the relationship between a hypothesis and the variation across genomic…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-01-10 Maxwell Sanderford , Sudip Sharma , Glen Stecher , Jun Liu , Jieping Ye , Sudhir Kumar