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The study of systems with sustained energy uptake and dissipation at the scale of the constituent particles is an area of central interest in nonequilibrium statistical physics. Identifying such systems as a distinct category -- Active…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-06-07 Sriram Ramaswamy

Active matter comprised of many self-driven units can exhibit emergent collective behaviors such as pattern formation and phase separation in both biologica and synthetic systems. While these behaviors are increasingly well understood for…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-07-27 Syeda Sabrina , Matthew Spellings , Sharon C. Glotzer , Kyle J. M. Bishop

Models of active nematics in biological systems normally require complexity arising from the hydrodynamics involved at the microscopic level as well as the viscoelastic nature of the system. Here we show that a minimal, space-independent,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-06-27 Emmanuel L. C. VI M. Plan , Huong Le Thi , Julia M. Yeomans , Amin Doostmohammadi

We study the dynamical properties of an active particle subject to a swimming speed explicitly depending on the particle position. The oscillating spatial profile of the swim velocity considered in this paper takes inspiration from…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-03-15 Lorenzo Caprini , Umberto Marini Bettolo Marconi , René Wittmann , Hartmut Löwen

How systems are endowed with migration capacity is a fascinating question with implications ranging from the design of novel active systems to the control of microbial populations. Bacteria, which can be found in a variety of environments,…

Biological Physics · Physics 2017-07-03 Marc Hennes , Julien Tailleur , Gaëlle Charron , Adrian Daerr

Systems of motile microorganisms exhibit a multitude of collective phenomena, including motility-induced phase separation and turbulence. Sensing of the environment and adaptation of movement plays an essential role in the emergent…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-06-26 Segun Goh , Elmar Westphal , Roland G. Winkler , Gerhard Gompper

We perform Brownian dynamics simulations in two dimensions to study the collective behavior of circle swimmers, which are driven by both, an (effective) translational and rotational self-propulsion, and interact via steric repulsion. We…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-06-09 Guo-Jun Liao , Sabine H. L. Klapp

Biological cells are able to generate intricate structures and respond to external stimuli, sculpting their membrane from within. Simplified biomimetic systems can aid in understanding the principles which govern these shape changes and…

We review recent work on active colloids or swimmers, such as self-propelled microorganisms, phoretic colloidal particles, and artificial micro-robotic systems, moving in fluid-like environments. These environments can be water-like and…

Biological Physics · Physics 2016-02-09 Alison E. Patteson , Arvind Gopinath , Paulo E. Arratia

Minimal models of active Brownian colloids consisting of self-propelled spherical particles with purely repulsive interactions have recently been identified as excellent quantitative testing grounds for theories of active matter and have…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-04-12 M. Cristina Marchetti , Yaouen Fily , Silke Henkes , Adam Patch , David Yllanes

Dense suspensions of self-propelled rod-like particles exhibit a fascinating variety of non-equilibrium phenomena. By means of computer simulations of a minimal model for rigid self-propelled colloidal rods with variable shape we explore…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-04 H. H. Wensink , H. Löwen

Many structural properties of conventional passive materials are known to arise from the symmetries of their microscopic constituents. By contrast, it is largely unclear how the interplay between cell shape and self-propulsion controls the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2014-01-29 H. H. Wensink , V. Kantsler , R. E. Goldstein , J. Dunkel

We study a collection of self-propelled polar particles on a two-dimensional substrate with birth and death. We introduce a minimal lattice model for the system using active Ising spins, where each particle can have two possible…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-05-10 Pawan Kumar Mishra , Shradha Mishra

Self-propelled point-like particles move along circular trajectories when their translocation velocity is constant and the angular velocity related to their orientation vector is also constant. We investigate the collective behavior of…

Biological Physics · Physics 2014-02-04 Yingzi Yang , Feng Qiu , Gerhard Gompper

Biomolecular condensates in cells are often rich in catalytically-active enzymes. This is particularly true in the case of the large enzymatic complexes known as metabolons, which contain different enzymes that participate in the same…

Subcellular Processes · Quantitative Biology 2021-10-20 Vincent Ouazan-Reboul , Jaime Agudo-Canalejo , Ramin Golestanian

The emerging field of Diverse Intelligence seeks to identify, formalize, and understand commonalities in behavioral competencies across a wide range of implementations. Especially interesting are simple systems that provide unexpected…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Taining Zhang , Adam Goldstein , Michael Levin

Living microorganisms have evolved dedicated sensory machinery to detect environmental perturbations, processing these signals through biochemical networks to guide behavior. Replicating such capabilities in synthetic active matter remains…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-12-25 Diptabrata Paul , Nikola Milosevic , Nico Scherf , Frank Cichos

Cells and microorganisms employ dynamic shape changes to enable steering and avoidance for efficient spatial exploration and collective organization. In contrast, active colloids, their synthetic counterparts, currently lack similar…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-01-03 Stefania Ketzetzi , Lorenzo Caprini , Vivien Willems , Laura Alvarez , Hartmut Löwen , Lucio Isa

Datasets often incorporate various functional patterns related to different aspects or regimes, which are typically not equally present throughout the dataset. We propose a novel, general-purpose partitioning algorithm that utilizes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Marius Tacke , Matthias Busch , Kevin Linka , Christian J. Cyron , Roland C. Aydin

A new mechanism for micro-swimmer motion in an aquatic environment, which implies light-induced polarization perturbations as a motivation for its motion, is proposed. The mechanism assumes that natural light leads to an enhancement of the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-05-07 Bohdan Lev , Oleksandr Cherniak