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Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate human-level capabilities in dialogue, reasoning, and knowledge retention. However, even the most advanced LLMs face challenges such as hallucinations and real-time updating of their knowledge.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Xuanwang Zhang , Yunze Song , Yidong Wang , Shuyun Tang , Xinfeng Li , Zhengran Zeng , Zhen Wu , Wei Ye , Wenyuan Xu , Yue Zhang , Xinyu Dai , Shikun Zhang , Qingsong Wen

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) models are designed to incorporate external knowledge, reducing hallucinations caused by insufficient parametric (internal) knowledge. However, even with accurate and relevant retrieved content, RAG…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Zhongxiang Sun , Xiaoxue Zang , Kai Zheng , Yang Song , Jun Xu , Xiao Zhang , Weijie Yu , Yang Song , Han Li

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems have gained widespread adoption by application builders because they leverage sources of truth to enable Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate more factually sound responses. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Alex Shan , John Bauer , Christopher D. Manning

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems offer a powerful approach to enhancing large language model (LLM) outputs by incorporating fact-checked, contextually relevant information. However, fairness and reliability concerns persist, as…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Xuyang Zhu , Sejoon Chang , Andrew Kuik

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable generative capabilities but often suffer from hallucinations. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) offers an effective solution by incorporating external knowledge, but existing methods still…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Xiaoxi Li , Jiajie Jin , Yujia Zhou , Yongkang Wu , Zhonghua Li , Qi Ye , Zhicheng Dou

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become a widely adopted approach to enhance Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating external knowledge and reducing hallucinations. However, noisy or irrelevant documents are often introduced…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Jingyu Liu , Jiaen Lin , Yong Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable proficiency in natural language understanding, prompting extensive exploration of their potential applications across diverse domains. In the medical domain, open-source LLMs have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Cui Long , Yongbin Liu , Chunping Ouyang , Ying Yu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a promising approach for mitigating the hallucination of large language models (LLMs). However, existing research lacks rigorous evaluation of the impact of retrieval-augmented generation on different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Jiawei Chen , Hongyu Lin , Xianpei Han , Le Sun

Retriever Augmented Generation (RAG) systems have become pivotal in enhancing the capabilities of language models by incorporating external knowledge retrieval mechanisms. However, a significant challenge in deploying these systems in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Masha Belyi , Robert Friel , Shuai Shao , Atindriyo Sanyal

Large language models (LLM) hold significant potential for applications in biomedicine, but they struggle with hallucinations and outdated knowledge. While retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is generally employed to address these issues,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Jiwoong Sohn , Yein Park , Chanwoong Yoon , Sihyeon Park , Hyeon Hwang , Mujeen Sung , Hyunjae Kim , Jaewoo Kang

Large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT demonstrate the remarkable progress of artificial intelligence. However, their tendency to hallucinate -- generate plausible but false information -- poses a significant challenge. This issue is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Philip Feldman , James R. Foulds , Shimei Pan

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) improves the factuality of large language models (LLMs) by grounding outputs in retrieved evidence, but faithfulness failures, where generations contradict or extend beyond the provided sources, remain a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Guangzhi Xiong , Zhenghao He , Bohan Liu , Sanchit Sinha , Aidong Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable fluency across a range of natural language tasks, yet remain vulnerable to hallucinations - factual inaccuracies that undermine trust in real world deployment. We present…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Kaushik Dwivedi , Padmanabh Patanjali Mishra

Hallucination is a key roadblock for applications of Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly for enterprise applications that are sensitive to information accuracy. To address this issue, two general approaches have been explored:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Xinxi Chen , Li Wang , Wei Wu , Qi Tang , Yiyao Liu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) effectively reduces hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) but can still produce inconsistent or unsupported content. Although LLM-as-a-Judge is widely used for RAG hallucination detection due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Zhouyu Jiang , Mengshu Sun , Zhiqiang Zhang , Lei Liang

Large language models (LLMs) inevitably exhibit hallucinations since the accuracy of generated texts cannot be secured solely by the parametric knowledge they encapsulate. Although retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a practicable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Shi-Qi Yan , Jia-Chen Gu , Yun Zhu , Zhen-Hua Ling

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has emerged as a promising solution for mitigating hallucinations of large language models (LLMs) with retrieved external knowledge. Adaptive RAG enhances this approach by enabling dynamic retrieval…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Huanshuo Liu , Hao Zhang , Zhijiang Guo , Jing Wang , Kuicai Dong , Xiangyang Li , Yi Quan Lee , Cong Zhang , Yong Liu

Interest in generative Electrocardiogram-Language Models (ELMs) is growing, as they can produce textual responses conditioned on ECG signals and textual queries. Unlike traditional classifiers that output label probabilities, ELMs are more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Xiaoyu Song , William Han , Tony Chen , Chaojing Duan , Michael A. Rosenberg , Emerson Liu , Ding Zhao

As connected and automated transportation systems evolve, there is a growing need for federal and state authorities to revise existing laws and develop new statutes to address emerging cybersecurity and data privacy challenges. This study…

Software engineers are increasingly adding semantic search capabilities to applications using a strategy known as Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG). A RAG system involves finding documents that semantically match a query and then passing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Scott Barnett , Stefanus Kurniawan , Srikanth Thudumu , Zach Brannelly , Mohamed Abdelrazek