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Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to help security analysts manage the surge of cyber threats, automating tasks from vulnerability assessment to incident response. Yet in operational CTI workflows, reliability gaps remain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yuqiao Meng , Luoxi Tang , Feiyang Yu , Jinyuan Jia , Guanhua Yan , Ping Yang , Zhaohan Xi

The quality of datasets plays an increasingly crucial role in the research and development of modern artificial intelligence (AI). Despite the proliferation of open dataset platforms nowadays, data quality issues, such as incomplete…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Benhao Huang , Yingzhuo Yu , Jin Huang , Xingjian Zhang , Jiaqi Ma

Autonomous LLM agents operate as long-running processes with persistent workspaces, memory files, scheduled task state, and messaging integrations. These features create a new propagation risk: attacker-influenced content can be written…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Mingming Zha , Xiaofeng Wang

As the complexity of modern systems increases, so does the importance of assessing their security posture through effective vulnerability management and threat modeling techniques. One powerful tool in the arsenal of cybersecurity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Renascence Tarafder Prapty , Ashish Kundu , Arun Iyengar

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to automate or augment penetration testing, but their effectiveness and reliability across attack phases remain unclear. We present a comprehensive evaluation of multiple LLM-based agents,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Lanxiao Huang , Daksh Dave , Tyler Cody , Peter Beling , Ming Jin

Large Language Models increasingly power critical infrastructure from healthcare to finance, yet their vulnerability to adversarial manipulation threatens system integrity and user safety. Despite growing deployment, no comprehensive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Taiwo Onitiju , Iman Vakilinia

Agentic AI systems powered by large language models (LLMs) and endowed with planning, tool use, memory, and autonomy, are emerging as powerful, flexible platforms for automation. Their ability to autonomously execute tasks across web,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Anshuman Chhabra , Shrestha Datta , Shahriar Kabir Nahin , Prasant Mohapatra

This paper describes a rapid feasibility study of using GPT-4, a large language model (LLM), to (semi)automate data extraction in systematic reviews. Despite the recent surge of interest in LLMs there is still a lack of understanding of how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Lena Schmidt , Kaitlyn Hair , Sergio Graziosi , Fiona Campbell , Claudia Kapp , Alireza Khanteymoori , Dawn Craig , Mark Engelbert , James Thomas

Recently, Automated Vulnerability Localization (AVL) has attracted growing attention, aiming to facilitate diagnosis by pinpointing the specific lines of code responsible for vulnerabilities. Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Jian Zhang , Chong Wang , Anran Li , Weisong Sun , Cen Zhang , Wei Ma , Yang Liu

We introduce AutoAdvExBench, a benchmark to evaluate if large language models (LLMs) can autonomously exploit defenses to adversarial examples. Unlike existing security benchmarks that often serve as proxies for real-world tasks, bench…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Nicholas Carlini , Javier Rando , Edoardo Debenedetti , Milad Nasr , Florian Tramèr

This position paper argues that securing LLM agents requires first defining an end-to-end correctness property that specifies when an agent's execution faithfully reflects the user's intent. Modern LLM agents operate over an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Wenjie Qu , Ming Xu , Peiran Wang , Shengfang Zhai , Jiaheng Zhang , Dawn Song

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable potential across various domains, including cybersecurity. Using commercial cloud-based LLMs may be undesirable due to privacy concerns, costs, and network connectivity constraints. In this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Maria Rigaki , Carlos Catania , Sebastian Garcia

The increasing digitization of smart grids has improved operational efficiency but also introduced new cybersecurity vulnerabilities, such as False Data Injection Attacks (FDIAs) targeting Automatic Generation Control (AGC) systems. While…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Muhammad Sharshar , Ahmad Mohammad Saber , Davor Svetinovic , Amr M. Youssef , Deepa Kundur , Ehab F. El-Saadany

The recent swift development of LLMs like GPT-4, Gemini, and GPT-3.5 offers a transformative opportunity in medicine and healthcare, especially in digital diagnostics. This study evaluates each model diagnostic abilities by interpreting a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Gaurav Kumar Gupta , Aditi Singh , Sijo Valayakkad Manikandan , Abul Ehtesham

Most vulnerability detection studies focus on datasets of vulnerabilities in C/C++ code, offering limited language diversity. Thus, the effectiveness of deep learning methods, including large language models (LLMs), in detecting software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Kohei Dozono , Tiago Espinha Gasiba , Andrea Stocco

Software vulnerabilities, caused by unintentional flaws in source code, are a primary root cause of cyberattacks. Static analysis of source code has been widely used to detect these unintentional defects introduced by software developers.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Andrew A Mahyari

Large language models (LLMs) and LLM-based Agents have been applied to fix bugs automatically, demonstrating the capability in addressing software defects by engaging in development environment interaction, iterative validation and code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Xiangxin Meng , Zexiong Ma , Pengfei Gao , Chao Peng

Targeted bit-flip attacks (BFAs) exploit hardware faults to manipulate model parameters, posing a significant security threat. While prior work targets single-step inference models (e.g., image classifiers), LLM-based agents with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Jialai Wang , Ya Wen , Zhongmou Liu , Yuxiao Wu , Bingyi He , Zongpeng Li , Ee-Chien Chang

While several studies have examined the security of code generated by GPT and other Large Language Models (LLMs), most have relied on controlled experiments rather than real developer interactions. This paper investigates the security of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Vladislav Belozerov , Peter J Barclay , Ashkan Sami

Context: Traditional software security analysis methods struggle to keep pace with the scale and complexity of modern codebases, requiring intelligent automation to detect, assess, and remediate vulnerabilities more efficiently and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Shaznin Sultana , Sadia Afreen , Nasir U. Eisty
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