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Neutron star mergers produce a substantial amount of fast-moving ejecta, expanding outwardly for years after the merger. The interaction of these ejecta with the surrounding medium may produce a weak isotropic radio remnant, detectable in…

The recent detection of gravitational waves and electromagnetic counterparts from the double neutron star merger event GW+EM170817, supports the standard paradigm of short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs) and kilonovae/macronovae. It is important…

Long and short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), canonically separated at around 2 seconds duration, are associated with different progenitors: the collapse of a massive star and the merger of two compact objects, respectively. GRB 191019A was a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-06-28 Davide Lazzati , Rosalba Perna , Benjamin Gompertz , Andrew Levan

Gamma-ray bursts are flashes of high-energy radiation lasting from a fraction of a second to several hours. Military satellites made the first detections of GRBs in the late 1960s. The $\gamma$-ray emission forms from shocks in a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-08 Andrew J. Levan

In addition to producing a strong gravitational signal, a short gamma-ray burst (GRB), and a compact remnant, neutron star mergers eject significant masses at significant kinetic energies. This mass ejection takes place via dynamical mass…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-23 Kenta Hotokezaka , Tsvi Piran

We present detailed optical, X-ray and radio observations of the bright afterglow of the short gamma-ray burst 051221a obtained with Gemini, Swift/XRT, and the Very Large Array, as well as optical spectra from which we measure the redshift…

The prolonged near infrared (NIR) emission observed following the long duration GRB 211211A is inconsistent with afterglow emission from the shock driven into the circum-stellar medium (CSM), and with emission from a possible underlying…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-05-09 Eli Waxman , Eran O. Ofek , Doron Kushnir

The gamma-ray burst that followed the first detection of gravitational waves from the merger of a Binary Neutron Stars and its low energy counterparts were in many respects unusual and challenge our understanding of mechanisms involved in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-11-20 Houri Ziaeepour

Binary neutron-star mergers have long been associated with short-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). This connection was confirmed with the first coincident detection of gravitational waves together with electromagnetic radiation from…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-10-11 Antonios Nathanail , Oliver Porth , Luciano Rezzolla

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are classified as long and short events. Long GRBs (LGRBs) are associated with the end states of very massive stars, while short GRBs (SGRBs) are linked to the merger of compact objects. GRB 200826A was a peculiar…

The gravitational waves from the first binary neutron star merger, GW170817, were accompanied by a multi-wavelength electromagnetic counterpart, from $\gamma$-rays to radio. The accompanying gamma-rays, seems at first to confirm the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-10-31 Ehud Nakar , Ore Gottlieb , Tsvi Piran , Mansi M. Kasliwal , Greg Hallinan

The nearby GRB 060216/SN 2006aj was an extremely long, weak and very soft GRB. It was peculiar in many aspects. We show here that the X-ray, ultraviolet/optical and radio afterglow of GRB 060218 have to be attributed to different physical…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Yi-Zhong Fan , Tsvi Piran , Dong Xu

Short-hard gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are widely believed to be produced by the merger of two binary compact objects, specifically by two neutron stars or by a neutron star orbiting a black hole. According to the Li-Paczynski kilonova model,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-10-14 Zhi-Ping Jin , Dong Xu , Yi-Zhong Fan , Xue-Feng Wu , Da-Ming Wei

We show that the peculiar early optical and in particular X-ray afterglow emission of the short duration burst GRB 130603B can be explained by continuous energy injection into the blastwave from a supra-massive magnetar central engine. The…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-12-13 Yi-Zhong Fan , Yun-Wei Yu , Dong Xu , Zhi-Ping Jin , Xue-Feng Wu , Da-Ming Wei , Bing Zhang

We present a broadband study of gamma-ray burst (GRB) 091024A within the context of other ultra-long-duration GRBs. An unusually long burst detected by Konus-Wind, Swift, and Fermi, GRB 091024A has prompt emission episodes covering ~1300 s,…

Over the past decade our physical understanding of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) has progressed rapidly thanks to the discovery and observation of their long-lived afterglow emission. Long-duration (T < 2 s) GRBs are associated with the explosive…

Cosmic gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been firmly established as one of the most powerful phenomena in the Universe, releasing electromagnetic energy approaching the rest-mass energy of a neutron star in a few seconds. The two currently…

We present 5.5 and 9.0 GHz observations of a sample of seventeen GRB host galaxies at 0.5<z<1.4, using the radio continuum to explore their star formation properties in the context of the small but growing sample of galaxies with similar…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-02-01 E R Stanway , A J Levan , Luke J M Davies

A macronova (kilonova) was discovered with a short gamma-ray burst, GRB 130603B, which is widely believed to be powered by the radioactivity of $r$-process elements synthesized in the ejecta of a neutron star binary merger. As an…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-23 Shota Kisaka , Kunihito Ioka , Hajime Takami

The recent discovery of a faint gamma-ray burst (GRB) coincident with the gravitational wave (GW) event GW 170817 revealed the existence of a population of low-luminosity short duration gamma-ray transients produced by neutron star mergers…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-11-21 E. Troja , G. Ryan , L. Piro , H. van Eerten , S. B. Cenko , Y. Yoon , S. -K. Lee , M. Im , T. Sakamoto , P. Gatkine , A. Kutyrev , S. Veilleux