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Transformer-based large language models are increasingly used for long-horizon tasks; however, their attention mechanism scales poorly with context length. To handle this, we study a sleep-like consolidation mechanism in which a model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Sangyun Lee , Sean McLeish , Tom Goldstein , Giulia Fanti

Recently, the Transformer model that is based solely on attention mechanisms, has advanced the state-of-the-art on various machine translation tasks. However, recent studies reveal that the lack of recurrence hinders its further improvement…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-08 Jie Hao , Xing Wang , Baosong Yang , Longyue Wang , Jinfeng Zhang , Zhaopeng Tu

In this work, we present the Grounded Recurrent Neural Network (GRNN), a recurrent neural network architecture for multi-label prediction which explicitly ties labels to specific dimensions of the recurrent hidden state (we call this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-05-25 Ankit Vani , Yacine Jernite , David Sontag

With the development of transformer-based large language models (LLMs), they have been applied to many fields due to their remarkable utility, but this comes at a considerable computational cost at deployment. Fortunately, some methods such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Harry Dong , Beidi Chen , Yuejie Chi

Many advances in Natural Language Processing have been based upon more expressive models for how inputs interact with the context in which they occur. Recurrent networks, which have enjoyed a modicum of success, still lack the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-30 Gábor Melis , Tomáš Kočiský , Phil Blunsom

Large language models (LLMs) are expensive to deploy. Parameter sharing offers a possible path towards reducing their size and cost, but its effectiveness in modern LLMs remains fairly limited. In this work, we revisit "layer tying" as form…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Sangmin Bae , Adam Fisch , Hrayr Harutyunyan , Ziwei Ji , Seungyeon Kim , Tal Schuster

We address the efficiency issue for the construction of a deep graph neural network (GNN). The approach exploits the idea of representing each input graph as a fixed point of a dynamical system (implemented through a recurrent neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Claudio Gallicchio , Alessio Micheli

We introduce Griffin, the first foundation model attemptation designed specifically for Relational Databases (RDBs). Unlike previous smaller models focused on single RDB tasks, Griffin unifies the data encoder and task decoder to handle…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Yanbo Wang , Xiyuan Wang , Quan Gan , Minjie Wang , Qibin Yang , David Wipf , Muhan Zhang

The pre-dominant approach to language modeling to date is based on recurrent neural networks. Their success on this task is often linked to their ability to capture unbounded context. In this paper we develop a finite context approach…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-12 Yann N. Dauphin , Angela Fan , Michael Auli , David Grangier

We compare the fast training and decoding speed of RETURNN of attention models for translation, due to fast CUDA LSTM kernels, and a fast pure TensorFlow beam search decoder. We show that a layer-wise pretraining scheme for recurrent…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-08-06 Albert Zeyer , Tamer Alkhouli , Hermann Ney

Neural reasoners such as Tiny Recursive Models (TRMs) solve complex problems by combining neural backbones with specialized inference schemes. Such inference schemes have been a central component of stochastic reasoning systems, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Mieszko Komisarczyk , Saurabh Mathur , Maurice Kraus , Sriraam Natarajan , Kristian Kersting

This paper explores the potential of recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and other subquadratic architectures as competitive alternatives to transformer-based models in low-resource language modeling scenarios. We utilize HGRN2 (Qin et al.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Patrick Haller , Jonas Golde , Alan Akbik

Fine-tuning a pretrained transformer for a downstream task has become a standard method in NLP in the last few years. While the results from these models are impressive, applying them can be extremely computationally expensive, as is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Davis Yoshida , Allyson Ettinger , Kevin Gimpel

Generative recommendation (GenRec) models typically model user behavior via full attention, but scaling to lifelong sequences is hindered by prohibitive computational costs and noise accumulation from stochastic interactions. To address…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Yixiao Chen , Yuan Wang , Yue Liu , Qiyao Wang , Ke Cheng , Xin Xu , Juntong Yan , Shuojin Yang , Menghao Guo , Jun Zhang , Huan Yu , Jie Jiang

Recurrent neural networks have proved to be an effective method for statistical language modeling. However, in practice their memory and run-time complexity are usually too large to be implemented in real-time offline mobile applications.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Artem M. Grachev , Dmitry I. Ignatov , Andrey V. Savchenko

Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and its variations such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), have become standard building blocks for learning online data of sequential nature in many research areas, including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Enmao Diao , Jie Ding , Vahid Tarokh

The Transformer architecture has led to significant gains in machine translation. However, most studies focus on only sentence-level translation without considering the context dependency within documents, leading to the inadequacy of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Yukun Feng , Feng Li , Ziang Song , Boyuan Zheng , Philipp Koehn

Recurrent neural network architectures can have useful computational properties, with complex temporal dynamics and input-sensitive attractor states. However, evaluation of recurrent dynamic architectures requires solution of systems of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-11-18 Dylan Richard Muir

Modern networks generate vast, heterogeneous traffic that must be continuously analyzed for security and performance. Traditional network traffic analysis systems, whether rule-based or machine learning-driven, often suffer from high false…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Shaghayegh Shajarian , Kennedy Marsh , James Benson , Sajad Khorsandroo , Mahmoud Abdelsalam

We study allowing large language models (LLMs) to process arbitrarily long prompts through the lens of inference-time scaling. We propose Recursive Language Models (RLMs), a general inference paradigm that treats long prompts as part of an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Alex L. Zhang , Tim Kraska , Omar Khattab