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Pre-trained vision-language (V-L) models such as CLIP have shown excellent generalization ability to downstream tasks. However, they are sensitive to the choice of input text prompts and require careful selection of prompt templates to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Muhammad Uzair Khattak , Hanoona Rasheed , Muhammad Maaz , Salman Khan , Fahad Shahbaz Khan

One of the most impressive results of recent NLP history is the ability of pre-trained language models to solve new tasks in a zero-shot setting. To achieve this, NLP tasks are framed as natural language prompts, generating a response…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Chunting Zhou , Junxian He , Xuezhe Ma , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick , Graham Neubig

Prompt learning has surfaced as an effective approach to enhance the performance of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) like CLIP when applied to downstream tasks. However, current learnable prompt tokens are primarily used for the single phase…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Ge Wu , Xin Zhang , Zheng Li , Zhaowei Chen , Jiajun Liang , Jian Yang , Xiang Li

Open-vocabulary semantic segmentation requires models to effectively integrate visual representations with open-vocabulary semantic labels. While Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) models shine in recognizing visual concepts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Mengcheng Lan , Chaofeng Chen , Yiping Ke , Xinjiang Wang , Litong Feng , Wayne Zhang

With the emergence of Transformers and Vision-Language Models (VLMs) such as CLIP, fine-tuning large pre-trained models has recently become a prevalent strategy in Continual Learning. This has led to the development of numerous prompting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Emanuele Frascaroli , Aniello Panariello , Pietro Buzzega , Lorenzo Bonicelli , Angelo Porrello , Simone Calderara

Vision-language models have showcased impressive zero-shot classification capabilities when equipped with suitable text prompts. Previous studies have shown the effectiveness of test-time prompt tuning; however, these methods typically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Yuhan Zhu , Guozhen Zhang , Chen Xu , Haocheng Shen , Xiaoxin Chen , Gangshan Wu , Limin Wang

Recent studies have demonstrated that natural-language prompts can help to leverage the knowledge learned by pre-trained language models for the binary sentence-level sentiment classification task. Specifically, these methods utilize…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Mohna Chakraborty , Adithya Kulkarni , Qi Li

Vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have gained popularity for their strong open vocabulary classification performance, but they are prone to assigning high confidence scores to misclassifications, limiting their reliability in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Zhenxiang Lin , Maryam Haghighat , Will Browne , Dimity Miller

With the advent of vision-language models (VLMs) that can perform in-context and prompt-based learning, how can we design prompting approaches that robustly generalize to distribution shift and can be used on novel classes outside the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Jindong Gu , Ahmad Beirami , Xuezhi Wang , Alex Beutel , Philip Torr , Yao Qin

CLIP-based domain generalization aims to improve model generalization to unseen domains by leveraging the powerful zero-shot classification capabilities of CLIP and multiple source datasets. Existing methods typically train a single model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Yuhe Ding , Jian Liang , Bo Jiang , Zi Wang , Aihua Zheng , Bin Luo

Zero-shot anomaly detection (ZSAD) aims to identify anomalies in unseen categories by leveraging CLIP's zero-shot capabilities to match text prompts with visual features. A key challenge in ZSAD is learning general prompts stably and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Donghyeong Kim , Chaewon Park , Suhwan Cho , Hyeonjeong Lim , Minseok Kang , Jungho Lee , Sangyoun Lee

The ideal goal of image matching is to achieve stable and efficient performance in unseen domains. However, many existing learning-based optical-SAR image matching methods, despite their effectiveness in specific scenarios, exhibit limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Han Nie , Bin Luo , Jun Liu , Zhitao Fu , Huan Zhou , Shuo Zhang , Weixing Liu

Whole slide pathology image classification presents challenges due to gigapixel image sizes and limited annotation labels, hindering model generalization. This paper introduces a prompt learning method to adapt large vision-language models…

Modern sensing systems generate large volumes of unlabeled multivariate time-series data. This abundance of unlabeled data makes self-supervised learning (SSL) a natural approach for learning transferable representations. However, most…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Yuliang Chen , Arvind Pillai , Yu Yvonne Wu , Tess Z. Griffin , Lisa Marsch , Michael V. Heinz , Nicholas C. Jacobson , Andrew Campbell

The performance of vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP, in visual classification tasks, has been enhanced by leveraging semantic knowledge from large language models (LLMs), including GPT. Recent studies have shown that in zero-shot…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Hankyeol Lee , Gawon Seo , Wonseok Choi , Geunyoung Jung , Kyungwoo Song , Jiyoung Jung

For downstream applications of vision-language pre-trained models, there has been significant interest in constructing effective prompts. Existing works on prompt engineering, which either require laborious manual designs or optimize the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Xinyang Liu , Dongsheng Wang , Bowei Fang , Miaoge Li , Zhibin Duan , Yishi Xu , Bo Chen , Mingyuan Zhou

We propose Context-Adaptive Multi-Prompt Embedding, a novel approach to enrich semantic representations in vision-language contrastive learning. Unlike standard CLIP-style models that rely on a single text embedding, our method introduces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Dahun Kim , Anelia Angelova

Although existing semi-supervised learning models achieve remarkable success in learning with unannotated in-distribution data, they mostly fail to learn on unlabeled data sampled from novel semantic classes due to their closed-set…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Sheng Zhang , Salman Khan , Zhiqiang Shen , Muzammal Naseer , Guangyi Chen , Fahad Khan

Zero-shot medical detection can further improve detection performance without relying on annotated medical images even upon the fine-tuned model, showing great clinical value. Recent studies leverage grounded vision-language models (GLIP)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Yuguang Yang , Tongfei Chen , Haoyu Huang , Linlin Yang , Chunyu Xie , Dawei Leng , Xianbin Cao , Baochang Zhang

Fine-tuning vision-language models (VLMs) like CLIP to downstream tasks is often necessary to optimize their performance. However, a major obstacle is the limited availability of labeled data. We study the use of pseudolabels, i.e.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Cristina Menghini , Andrew Delworth , Stephen H. Bach