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Data augmentation is a cornerstone of the machine learning pipeline, yet its theoretical underpinnings remain unclear. Is it merely a way to artificially augment the data set size? Or is it about encouraging the model to satisfy certain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Ruoqi Shen , Sébastien Bubeck , Suriya Gunasekar

Medical image segmentation models are often trained on curated datasets, leading to performance degradation when deployed in real-world clinical settings due to mismatches between training and test distributions. While data augmentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Puru Vaish , Felix Meister , Tobias Heimann , Christoph Brune , Jelmer M. Wolterink

In this paper, we address a key scientific problem in machine learning: Given a training set for an image classification task, can we train a generative model on this dataset to enhance the classification performance? (i.e., closed-set…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Haowen Wang , Guowei Zhang , Xiang Zhang , Zeyuan Chen , Haiyang Xu , Dou Hoon Kwark , Zhuowen Tu

Data augmentation is one of the most prevalent tools in deep learning, underpinning many recent advances, including those from classification, generative models, and representation learning. The standard approach to data augmentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Brandon Trabucco , Kyle Doherty , Max Gurinas , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Data augmentation is widely used to enhance generalization in visual classification tasks. However, traditional methods struggle when source and target domains differ, as in domain adaptation, due to their inability to address domain gaps.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Khawar Islam , Muhammad Zaigham Zaheer , Arif Mahmood , Karthik Nandakumar , Naveed Akhtar

Data augmentations are useful in closing the sim-to-real domain gap when training on synthetic data. This is because they widen the training data distribution, thus encouraging the model to generalize better to other domains. Many image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Bram Vanherle , Nick Michiels , Frank Van Reeth

We investigate the efficacy of data augmentations to close the domain gap in spaceborne computer vision, crucial for autonomous operations like on-orbit servicing. As the use of computer vision in space increases, challenges such as hostile…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Maximilian Ulmer , Leonard Klüpfel , Maximilian Durner , Rudolph Triebel

Data Augmentation (DA) -- enriching training data by adding synthetic samples -- is a technique widely adopted in Computer Vision (CV) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks to improve models performance. Yet, DA has struggled to gain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Chao Wang , Alessandro Finamore , Pietro Michiardi , Massimo Gallo , Dario Rossi

Synthetically augmenting training datasets with diffusion models has become an effective strategy for improving the generalization of image classifiers. However, existing approaches typically increase dataset size by 10-30x and struggle to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Dang Nguyen , Jiping Li , Jinghao Zheng , Baharan Mirzasoleiman

Computer vision has flourished in recent years thanks to Deep Learning advancements, fast and scalable hardware solutions and large availability of structured image data. Convolutional Neural Networks trained on supervised tasks with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Antono D'Innocente

Data augmentation is a key practice in machine learning for improving generalization performance. However, finding the best data augmentation hyperparameters requires domain knowledge or a computationally demanding search. We address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Saypraseuth Mounsaveng , Issam Laradji , Ismail Ben Ayed , David Vazquez , Marco Pedersoli

Data augmentation is often used to enlarge datasets with synthetic samples generated in accordance with the underlying data distribution. To enable a wider range of augmentations, we explore negative data augmentation strategies (NDA)that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-11 Abhishek Sinha , Kumar Ayush , Jiaming Song , Burak Uzkent , Hongxia Jin , Stefano Ermon

Data augmentation is a series of techniques that generate high-quality artificial data by manipulating existing data samples. By leveraging data augmentation techniques, AI models can achieve significantly improved applicability in tasks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Zaitian Wang , Pengfei Wang , Kunpeng Liu , Pengyang Wang , Yanjie Fu , Chang-Tien Lu , Charu C. Aggarwal , Jian Pei , Yuanchun Zhou

As an effective strategy, data augmentation (DA) alleviates data scarcity scenarios where deep learning techniques may fail. It is widely applied in computer vision then introduced to natural language processing and achieves improvements in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Bohan Li , Yutai Hou , Wanxiang Che

Data augmentation (DA) encodes invariance and provides implicit regularization critical to a model's performance in image classification tasks. However, while DA improves average accuracy, recent studies have shown that its impact can be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Polina Kirichenko , Mark Ibrahim , Randall Balestriero , Diane Bouchacourt , Ramakrishna Vedantam , Hamed Firooz , Andrew Gordon Wilson

Vision Transformers (ViT) have been shown to attain highly competitive performance for a wide range of vision applications, such as image classification, object detection and semantic image segmentation. In comparison to convolutional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-24 Andreas Steiner , Alexander Kolesnikov , Xiaohua Zhai , Ross Wightman , Jakob Uszkoreit , Lucas Beyer

Deep artificial neural networks require a large corpus of training data in order to effectively learn, where collection of such training data is often expensive and laborious. Data augmentation overcomes this issue by artificially inflating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-22 Luke Taylor , Geoff Nitschke

Data augmentation (DA) enhances model generalization in computer vision but may introduce biases, impacting class accuracy unevenly. Our study extends this inquiry, examining DA's class-specific bias across various datasets, including those…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Athanasios Angelakis , Andrey Rass

Data augmentation is a critical component of training deep learning models. Although data augmentation has been shown to significantly improve image classification, its potential has not been thoroughly investigated for object detection.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-27 Barret Zoph , Ekin D. Cubuk , Golnaz Ghiasi , Tsung-Yi Lin , Jonathon Shlens , Quoc V. Le

The success of deep learning depends heavily on the availability of large datasets, but in robotic manipulation there are many learning problems for which such datasets do not exist. Collecting these datasets is time-consuming and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Peter Mitrano , Dmitry Berenson