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Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is popular in large language models (LLMs), whereas traditional Reinforcement Learning (RL) often falls short. Current autonomous driving methods typically utilize either human feedback in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Yuan Sun , Navid Salami Pargoo , Peter J. Jin , Jorge Ortiz

Generative Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in non-generative software maintenance tasks, such as fault localization (FL). Success in FL depends on a models ability to reason about program semantics beyond surface-level…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are showing remarkable performance in generating source code, yet the generated code often has issues like compilation errors or incorrect code. Researchers and developers often face wasted effort in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Ravin Ravi , Dylan Bradshaw , Stefano Ruberto , Gunel Jahangirova , Valerio Terragni

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in natural language processing, mathematical problem solving, and tasks related to program synthesis. However, their effectiveness in long-term planning and higher-order…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Erik Wu , Sayan Mitra

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has emerged as the main paradigm for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. Typically, RLHF involves the initial step of learning a reward model from human feedback,…

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has emerged as a powerful technique to make large language models (LLMs) easier to use and more effective. A core piece of the RLHF process is the training and utilization of a model of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Nathan Lambert , Thomas Krendl Gilbert , Tom Zick

Software correctness is ensured mathematically through formal verification, which involves the resources of generating formal requirement specifications and having an implementation that must be verified. Tools such as model-checkers and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Arshad Beg , Diarmuid O'Donoghue , Rosemary Monahan

Software testing is a crucial aspect of software development, and the creation of high-quality tests that adhere to best practices is essential for effective maintenance. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained popularity for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Benjamin Steenhoek , Michele Tufano , Neel Sundaresan , Alexey Svyatkovskiy

Fine-tuning with Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback (RLHF) is essential for aligning large language models (LLMs). However, RLHF often encounters significant memory challenges. This study is the first to examine memory usage in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Jin Zhou , Hanmei Yang , Steven , Tang , Mingcan Xiang , Hui Guan , Tongping Liu

Information Retrieval-based Fault Localization (IRFL) techniques aim to identify source files containing the root causes of reported failures. While existing techniques excel in ranking source files, challenges persist in bug report…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Shuai Shao , Tingting Yu

This paper delves into the dynamic landscape of artificial intelligence, specifically focusing on the burgeoning prominence of large language models (LLMs). We underscore the pivotal role of Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF)…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Dana Alsagheer , Rabimba Karanjai , Nour Diallo , Weidong Shi , Yang Lu , Suha Beydoun , Qiaoning Zhang

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has emerged as an effective approach to aligning large language models (LLMs) to human preferences. RLHF contains three steps, i.e., human preference collecting, reward learning, and policy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Hao Lang , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li

The dependence of Natural Language Processing (NLP) intelligent software on Large Language Models (LLMs) is increasingly prominent, underscoring the necessity for robustness testing. Current testing methods focus solely on the robustness of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Mingxuan Xiao , Yan Xiao , Hai Dong , Shunhui Ji , Pengcheng Zhang

Fault localization, the process of identifying the software components responsible for failures, is essential but often time-consuming. Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled fault localization without extensive defect…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Inseok Yeo , Duksan Ryu , Jongmoon Baik

The growing popularity and widespread use of software applications (apps) across various domains have driven rapid industry growth. Along with this growth, fast-paced market changes have led to constantly evolving software requirements.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Pragyan KC , Rambod Ghandiparsi , Thomas Herron , John Heaps , Mitra Bokaei Hosseini

Learning from one's mistakes is an effective human learning technique where the learners focus more on the topics where mistakes were made, so as to deepen their understanding. In this paper, we investigate if this human learning strategy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-17 Bhanu Garg , Li Zhang , Pradyumna Sridhara , Ramtin Hosseini , Eric Xing , Pengtao Xie

Large language models (LLMs) trained with Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities, but their underlying reward functions and decision-making processes remain opaque. This paper introduces…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Jared Joselowitz , Ritam Majumdar , Arjun Jagota , Matthieu Bou , Nyal Patel , Satyapriya Krishna , Sonali Parbhoo

The increasing use of Large Language Models (LLMs) offers significant opportunities across the engineering lifecycle, including requirements engineering, software development, process optimization, and decision support. Despite this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Stefan Otten , Philipp Reis , Philipp Rigoll , Joshua Ransiek , Tobias Schürmann , Jacob Langner , Eric Sax

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown potential for solving mathematical tasks. We show that LLMs can be utilized to generate proofs by induction for hardware verification and thereby replace some of the manual work done by Formal…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Romy Peled , Daniel Kroening , Michael Tautschnig , Yakir Vizel

Since 2022, versions of generative AI chatbots such as ChatGPT and Claude have been trained using a specialized technique called Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) to fine-tune language model output using feedback from human…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Shannon Lodoen , Alexi Orchard
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