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Gravitational lensing constitutes one of the most direct observational manifestations of spacetime curvature and provides a powerful probe of compact astrophysical objects. In this work, we present a comprehensive analysis of the bending of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-21 Partha Pratim Basumallick , Saheb Das , Bhaswati Mandal , Subhadip Sau

Using Fermat's principle, we analyze the effects of very long wavelength gravitational waves upon the images of a gravitationally lensed quasar. We show that the lens equation in the presence of gravity waves is equivalent to that of a lens…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-09-09 J. Frieman , D. Harari , G. Surpi

This paper discusses the effects of gravitational waves on high-accuracy astrometric observations such as those delivered by Gaia. Depending on the frequency of gravitational waves, two regimes for the influence of gravitational waves on…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-02-14 Sergei A. Klioner

Light traveling through a liquid crystal with disclinations perceives a geometrical background which causes lensing effects similar to the ones predicted for cosmic objects like global monopoles and cosmic strings. In this article we…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-11 Caio Satiro , Fernando Moraes

Gravitational waves, although generally associated with extremely microscopic effects, can displace by hundreds of kilometers the pulsar interstellar scintillation patterns that bathe the Earth. The combination of the pulsar and the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-02-03 Redouane Fakir

In order to study gravitational waves in any realistic astrophysical scenario, one must consider geometry perturbations up to second order. Here, we present a general technique for studying linear and quadratic perturbations on a spacetime…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-05-01 Fernando Izaurieta , Eduardo Rodríguez , Omar Valdivia

Weak gravitational lensing is normally assumed to have only two principle effects: a magnification of a source and a distortion of the sources shape in the form of a shear. However, further distortions are actually present owing to changes…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-12-02 Chris Clarkson

This article aims at comparing gravitational wave memory effect in a Schwarzschild spacetime with that of other compact objects with static and spherically symmetric spacetime, with the purpose of proposing a procedure for differentiating…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-09-12 Soumya Bhattacharya , Shramana Ghosh

Impulsive gravitational plane waves, which have a delta-function singularity on a hypersurface, can be obtained by squeezing smooth plane gravitational waves with Gaussian profile. They exhibit (as do their smooth counterparts) the Velocity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-03-14 P. -M. Zhang , C. Duval , P. A. Horvathy

We study gravitational lensing of gravitational waves taking into account the spin of a graviton coupled with a dragged spacetime made by a rotating object. We decompose the phase of gravitational waves into helicity-dependent and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-09 Kei-ichiro Kubota , Shun Arai , Shinji Mukohyama

Gravitational lensing deflects light. A single lens deflector can only shear images, but cannot induce rotations. Multiple lens planes can induce rotations. Such rotations can be observed in quadruply imaged sources, and can be used to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-19 Ue-Li Pen , Shude Mao

This article demonstrates that additionally to the well-known velocity memory effect, a vacuum gravitational plane wave can also induce a displacement memory on a couple of test particles. A complete classification of the conditions under…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-07-25 Jibril Ben Achour , Jean-Philippe Uzan

We provide analysis to determine the effects of gravitational waves on electromagnetic waves, using perturbation theory in general relativity. Our analysis is performed in a completely covariant manner without invoking any coordinates. For…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-02-02 Chan Park , Dong-Hoon Kim

The diffraction patterns of lensed gravitational waves encode information about their propagation speeds. If gravitons have mass, the dispersion relation and speed of gravitational waves will be affected in a frequency-dependent manner,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-12-23 Ka-Wai Chung , Tjonnie Guang Feng Li

Gravitational lensing magnification is maximal around caustics. At these source locations, an incoming wave from a point source would formally experience an infinite amplification in the high-frequency or geometric optics limit. This…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-03 Jose María Ezquiaga , Rico K. L. Lo , Luka Vujeva

An effect of geometrical phase shift is predicted for a light beam propagating in the field of a gravitational wave. Gravitational radiation detection experiments are proposed using this new effect, the corresponding estimates being given.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-11-15 N V Mitskievich , A I Nesterov

We study tensorial perturbations (gravitational waves) in a universe with particle production (OSC). The background of gravitational waves produces a perturbation in the redshift observed from distant sources. The modes for the perturbation…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 M. de Campos

We describe how gravitational lensing of fast radio bursts (FRBs) is affected by a plasma screen in the vicinity of the lens or somewhere between the source and the observer. Wave passage through a turbulent medium affects gravitational…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-02-01 Pawan Kumar , Paz Beniamini

Gravitational waves provide a unique window into gravity, cosmology, and high-energy physics, enabling the exploration of fundamental phenomena across a wide range of scales. This review presents a coherent and pedagogical framework that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-25 Azadeh Maleknejad

Gravitational waves (GWs) offer a new observational window into the universe, providing insights into compact objects and cosmic structures. Gravitational lensing, commonly studied in electromagnetic waves, also affects GWs, introducing…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-25 Xing-Yu Yang , Tan Chen , Rong-Gen Cai
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