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We consider uniform random permutations in proper substitution-closed classes and study their limiting behavior in the sense of permutons. The limit depends on the generating series of the simple permutations in the class. Under a mild…

We define a variation of Stirling permutations, called quasi-Stirling permutations, to be permutations on the multiset $\{1,1,2,2,\ldots, n,n\}$ that avoid the patterns 1212 and 2121. Their study is motivated by a known relationship between…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-04-20 Kassie Archer , Adam Gregory , Bryan Pennington , Stephanie Slayden

We investigate how sorting algorithms efficiently overcome the exponential size of the permutation space. Our main contribution is a new continuous-time formulation of sorting as a gradient flow on the permutohedron, yielding an independent…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Jonathan Landers

A permutation array $A$ is a set of permutations on a finite set $\Omega$, say of size $n$. Given distinct permutations $\pi, \sigma\in \Omega$, we let $hd(\pi, \sigma) = |\{ x\in \Omega: \pi(x) \ne \sigma(x) \}|$, called the Hamming…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-09-12 Sergey Bereg , Zevi Miller , Luis Gerardo Mojica , Linda Morales , I. H. Sudborough

Suppose that G is a finite, unitary reflection group acting on a complex vector space V and X is the fixed point subspace of an element of G. Define N to be the setwise stabilizer of X in G, Z to be the pointwise stabilizer, and C=N/Z. Then…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2016-11-22 Nils Amend , Angela Berardinelli , J. Matthew Douglass , Gerhard Roehrle

We extend classical results on simple varieties of trees (asymptotic enumeration, average behavior of tree parameters) to trees counted by their number of leaves. Motivated by genome comparison of related species, we then apply these…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-10-03 Mathilde Bouvel , Marni Mishna , Cyril Nicaud

We complete the enumeration of Dumont permutations of the second kind avoiding a pattern of length 4 which is itself a Dumont permutation of the second kind. We also consider some combinatorial statistics on Dumont permutations avoiding…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Alexander Burstein , Sergi Elizalde , Toufik Mansour

If $G$ is a finitely generated group with generators $\{g_1,..., g_s\}$, we say an infinite-order element $f \in G$ is a distortion element of $G$ provided that $\displaystyle \liminf_{n \to \infty} \frac{|f^n|}{n} = 0$, where $|f^n|$ is…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2012-03-18 Kiran Parkhe

In this expository paper, we first review the classification of the restricted simple Lie algebras in characteristic different from 2 and 3 and then we describe their infinitesimal deformations. We conclude by indicating some possible…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2014-01-06 Filippo Viviani

Is string theory uniquely determined by self-consistency? Causality and unitarity seemingly permit a multitude of putative deformations, at least at the level of two-to-two scattering. Motivated by this question, we initiate a systematic…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-03-19 Nima Arkani-Hamed , Clifford Cheung , Carolina Figueiredo , Grant N. Remmen

The extension of pattern avoidance from ordinary permutations to those on multisets gave birth to several interesting enumerative results. We study permutations on regular multisets, i.e., multisets in which each element occurs the same…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-06-21 Marie-Louise Bruner

For a finite Coxeter group, a subword complex is a simplicial complex associated with a pair (Q, \pi), where Q is a word in the alphabet of simple reflections, $\pi$ is a group element. We discuss the transformations of such a complex…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-05-24 Mikhail Gorsky

A group G is called bounded if every conjugation-invariant norm on G has finite diameter. We introduce various strengthenings of this property and investigate them in several classes of groups including semisimple Lie groups, arithmetic…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2021-09-29 Jarek Kędra , Assaf Libman , Ben Martin

In sorting situations where the final destination of each item is known, it is natural to repeatedly choose items and place them where they belong, allowing the intervening items to shift by one to make room. (In fact, a special case of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-09-18 Sergi Elizalde , Peter Winkler

By introducing the notion of relative derangements of type $B$, also called signed relative derangements, which are defined in terms of signed permutations, we obtain a type $B$ analogue of the well-known relation between relative…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-08-28 William Y. C. Chen , Jessica C. Y. Zhang

We study the connectivity of Morse boundaries of Coxeter groups. We define two conditions on the defining graph of a Coxeter group: wide-avoidant and wide-spherical-avoidant. We show that wide-spherical-avoidant, one-ended, affine-free…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-19 Matthew Cordes , Ivan Levcovitz

In the last decade a huge amount of articles has been published studying pattern avoidance on permutations. From the point of view of enumeration, typically one tries to count permutations avoiding certain patterns according to their…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 A. Bernini , m. Bouvel , L. Ferrari

We introduce an algorithm that conjectures the structure of a permutation class in the form of a disjoint cover of "rules"; similar to generalized grid classes. The cover is usually easily verified by a human and translated into an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-05-12 Christian Bean , Bjarki Gudmundsson , Henning Ulfarsson

Gauge symmetries lead to first-class constraints. This assertion is of course true only for non trivial gauge symmetries, i.e., gauge symmetries that act non trivially on-shell on the dynamical variables. We illustrate this well-appreciated…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-04-22 Marc Henneaux , Axel Kleinschmidt , Gustavo Lucena Gómez

Algorithmic decidability is established for two order-theoretic properties of downward closed subsets defined by finitely many obstructions in two infinite posets. The properties under consideration are: (a) being atomic, i.e. not being…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-12-23 Matthew McDevitt , Nik Ruskuc