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We consider the problem of deciding whether an $n$-qubit unitary (or $n$-bit Boolean function) is $\varepsilon_1$-close to some $k$-junta or $\varepsilon_2$-far from every $k$-junta, where $k$-junta unitaries act non-trivially on at most…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-23 Zongbo Bao , Yuxuan Liu , Penghui Yao , Zekun Ye , Jialin Zhang

Simulating the time-evolution of quantum mechanical systems is BQP-hard and expected to be one of the foremost applications of quantum computers. We consider classical algorithms for the approximation of Hamiltonian dynamics using…

We study monotonicity testing of functions $f \colon \{0,1\}^d \to \{0,1\}$ using sample-based algorithms, which are only allowed to observe the value of $f$ on points drawn independently from the uniform distribution. A classic result by…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Hadley Black

We provide the first non-trivial lower bounds for single-qubit tomography algorithms and show that at least ${\Omega}\left(\frac{10^N}{\sqrt{N} \varepsilon^2}\right)$ copies are required to learn an $N$-qubit state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-30 Jayadev Acharya , Abhilash Dharmavarapu , Yuhan Liu , Nengkun Yu

We provide an algorithm for properly learning mixtures of two single-dimensional Gaussians without any separability assumptions. Given $\tilde{O}(1/\varepsilon^2)$ samples from an unknown mixture, our algorithm outputs a mixture that is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-05-20 Constantinos Daskalakis , Gautam Kamath

The local Hamiltonian (LH) problem is the canonical $\mathsf{QMA}$-complete problem introduced by Kitaev. In this paper, we show its hardness in a very strong sense: we show that the 3-local Hamiltonian problem on $n$ qubits cannot be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 Nai-Hui Chia , Atsuya Hasegawa , François Le Gall , Yu-Ching Shen

In this article we develop quantum algorithms for learning and testing juntas, i.e. Boolean functions which depend only on an unknown set of k out of n input variables. Our aim is to develop efficient algorithms: - whose sample complexity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-10-16 Alp Atici , Rocco A. Servedio

We study the problem of learning general (i.e., not necessarily homogeneous) halfspaces with Random Classification Noise under the Gaussian distribution. We establish nearly-matching algorithmic and Statistical Query (SQ) lower bound…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Ilias Diakonikolas , Jelena Diakonikolas , Daniel M. Kane , Puqian Wang , Nikos Zarifis

Local Hamiltonians arise naturally in physical systems. Despite its seemingly `simple' local structure, exotic features such as nonlocal correlations and topological orders exhibit in eigenstates of these systems. Previous studies for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-30 Shi-Yao Hou , Ningping Cao , Sirui Lu , Yi Shen , Yiu-Tung Poon , Bei Zeng

We study the computational complexity of estimating the normalized trace $2^{-n}Tr[f(A)]$ for a log-local Hamiltonian $A$ acting on $n$ qubits. This problem arises naturally in the DQC1 model, yet its complexity is only understood for a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-03 Zhengfeng Ji , Tongyang Li , Changpeng Shao , Xinzhao Wang , Yuxin Zhang

The $k$-local Hamiltonian problem is a central model for quantum many-body systems and Hamiltonian complexity. Semidefinite programming and noncommutative sum-of-squares hierarchies provide systematic certificates for ground-state energies,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-29 Igor Klep , Nando Leijenhorst , Victor Magron

We study the problem of Hamiltonian sparsification: given a parameter $\varepsilon \in (0,1)$ and an $n$-qubit Hamiltonian $H$ which is the sum of $r$-local positive semi-definite (PSD) terms $H_1, \dots H_m$, our goal is to compute a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-05 Arpon Basu , Joshua Brakensiek , Aaron Putterman

We consider the problem of learning low-degree quantum objects up to $\varepsilon$-error in $\ell_2$-distance. We show the following results: $(i)$ unknown $n$-qubit degree-$d$ (in the Pauli basis) quantum channels and unitaries can be…

Consider a Hermitian operator $A$ acting on a complex Hilbert space of dimension $2^n$. We show that when $A$ has small degree in the Pauli expansion, or in other words, $A$ is a local $n$-qubit Hamiltonian, its operator norm can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-10 Lars Becker , Joseph Slote , Alexander Volberg , Haonan Zhang

We provide a quantum algorithm for simulating the dynamics of sparse Hamiltonians with complexity sublogarithmic in the inverse error, an exponential improvement over previous methods. Specifically, we show that a $d$-sparse Hamiltonian $H$…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-09 Dominic W. Berry , Andrew M. Childs , Richard Cleve , Robin Kothari , Rolando D. Somma

In this paper we develop a classical algorithm of complexity $O(K \, 2^n)$ to simulate parametrized quantum circuits (PQCs) of $n$ qubits, where $K$ is the total number of one-qubit and two-qubit control gates. The algorithm is developed by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-01 Bibhas Adhikari , Aryan Jha

We develop a protocol for learning a class of interacting bosonic Hamiltonians from dynamics with Heisenberg-limited scaling. For Hamiltonians with an underlying bounded-degree graph structure, we can learn all parameters with root mean…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-11 Haoya Li , Yu Tong , Hongkang Ni , Tuvia Gefen , Lexing Ying

Solving the ground state and the ground-state properties of quantum many-body systems is generically a hard task for classical algorithms. For a family of Hamiltonians defined on an $m$-dimensional space of physical parameters, the ground…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-13 Yanming Che , Clemens Gneiting , Franco Nori

Projective measurements of a single two-level quantum mechanical system (a qubit) evolving under a time-independent Hamiltonian produce a probability distribution that is periodic in the evolution time. The period of this distribution is an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-06-05 Christopher Ferrie , Christopher E. Granade , D. G. Cory

We investigate the computational complexity of the Local Hamiltonian (LH) problem and the approximation of the Quantum Partition Function (QPF), two central problems in quantum many-body physics and quantum complexity theory. Both problems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-10 Nai-Hui Chia , Yu-Ching Shen