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When colloidal particles are vertically confined to a gap of between 1.3-1.6 particle diameters, they pack into buckled crystals of particles in either "up" or "down" states. Neighboring particles tend to occupy opposite states, analogous…

We discuss a new type of topological defect in XY systems where the O(2) symmetry is broken in the presence of a boundary. Of particular interest is the appearance of such defects in nanomagnets with a planar geometry. They are manifested…

Materials Science · Physics 2012-12-18 Gia-Wei Chern , D. Clarke , H. Youk , O. Tchernyshyov

Vortex is a topological defect in the superconducting condensate when a magnetic field is applied to a type-II superconductor, as elucidated by the Ginzburg-Landau theory. Due to the confinement of the quasiparticles by a vortex, it…

Interfaces between twisted 2D materials host a wealth of physical phenomena originating from the long-scale periodicity associated with the resulting moire structure. Besides twisting, an alternative route to create structures with…

The interplay between real-space topological lattice defects and the reciprocal-space topology of energy bands can give rise to novel phenomena, such as one-dimensional topological modes bound to screw dislocations in three-dimensional…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-11-23 Haoran Xue , Ding Jia , Yong Ge , Yi-jun Guan , Qiang Wang , Shou-qi Yuan , Hong-xiang Sun , Y. D. Chong , Baile Zhang

Highly periodic structures are often said to convey the beauty of nature. However, most material properties are strongly influenced by the defects they contain. On the mesoscopic scale, molecular self-assembly exemplifies this interplay;…

Cr$_{1+\delta}$Te$_2$, a two-dimensional van der Waals ferromagnet, displays a contested magnetic structure, poised between collinear and non-collinear spin configurations. In this work, we investigate the magnetic structure of…

Topological defects in ordered states with spontaneously broken symmetry often have unusual physical properties, such as fractional electric charge or a quantised magnetic field-flux, originating from their non-trivial topology. Coupled…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-06-10 Sergey Artyukhin , Kris T. Delaney , Nicola A. Spaldin , Maxim Mostovoy

We study the topological phase in dipolar-coupled two-dimensional breathing square lattice of magnetic vortices. By evaluating the quantized Chern number and $\mathbb{Z}_{4}$ Berry phase, we obtain the phase diagram and identify that the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-05-14 Z. -X. Li , Yunshan Cao , X. R. Wang , Peng Yan

We theoretically investigate the vortex state of the cuprate high-temperature superconductors in the presence of magnetic fields. Assuming the recently derived nonlinear $\sigma$-model for fluctuations in the pseudogap phase, we find that…

Superconductivity · Physics 2014-08-29 M. Einenkel , H. Meier , C. Pépin , K. B. Efetov

Vortex phenomena are ubiquitous in nature, from vortices of quantum particles and living cells [1-7], to whirlpools, tornados, and spiral galaxies. Yet, effective control of vortex transport from one place to another at any scale has thus…

Altermagnet-superconductor heterostructures have been shown, in principle, to provide a route towards realising topological superconductivity, and therefore host topologically protected boundary states. In this work we demonstrate that the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-01-12 George McArdle , Brian Kiraly , Peter Wadley , Adam Gammon-Smith

Electronic tunability in crystals with weakly-bound layers can be achieved through layer stacking order. One such example is MoTe$_2$, where the low-temperature orthorhombic T$_d$ phase is topological and host to Weyl quasiparticles. The…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-04-17 John A. Schneeloch , Chunruo Duan , Xiaoping Wang , Jun Liu , Junjie Yang , Despina Louca

Topological defects, such as vortices and skyrmions in magnetic and dipolar systems, can give rise to properties that are not observed in typical magnets and dielectrics. Here, we report the discovery of long-range ordered periodic dipole…

CrCl3 is a layered insulator that undergoes a crystallographic phase transition below room temperature and orders antiferromagnetically at low temperature. Weak van der Waals bonding between the layers and ferromagnetic in-plane magnetic…

Moir\'e superlattices formed in stacks of two or more 2D crystals with similar lattice structures have recently become excellent platforms to reveal new physics in low-dimensional systems. They are, however, highly sensitive to the angle…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-11-15 Tianyu Zhang , Chengxin Xiao , Hongxia Xue , Wang Yao , Dong-Keun Ki

The interplay of nonlinearity and topology results in many novel and emergent properties across a number of physical systems such as chiral magnets, nematic liquid crystals, Bose-Einstein condensates, photonics, high energy physics, etc. It…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2020-08-25 A. Saxena , P. G. Kevrekidis , J. Cuevas-Maraver

Two-dimensional (2D) layered materials hosting dislocations have attracted considerable research attention in recent years. In particular, screw dislocations can result in a spiral topology and an interlayer twist in the layered materials,…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-12-23 Rui Chen , Jinhua Cao , Stephen Gee , Yin Liu , Jie Yao

Two-dimensional higher-order topology is usually studied in (nearly) particle-hole symmetric models, so that an edge gap can be opened within the bulk one. But more often deviates the edge anticrossing even into the bulk, where corner…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-12-07 Junjie Zeng , Chen Chen , Yafei Ren , Zheng Liu , Wei Ren , Zhenhua Qiao

The moir\'e superlattice of misaligned atomic bilayers paves the way for designing a new class of materials with wide tunability. In this work, we propose a photonic analog of the moir\'e superlattice based on dielectric resonator…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-05-09 Chang-Hwan Yi , Hee Chul Park , Moon Jip Park