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A significant hurdle in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era is identifying functional quantum circuits. These circuits must also adhere to the constraints imposed by current quantum hardware limitations. Variational quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-03 Akash Kundu

Quantum computing leverages quantum mechanics to address computational problems in ways that differ fundamentally from classical approaches. While current quantum hardware remains error-prone and limited in scale, Variational Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-16 Michael Kölle , Simon Salfer , Tobias Rohe , Philipp Altmann , Claudia Linnhoff-Popien

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) have shown strong evidences to gain provable computational advantages for diverse fields such as finance, machine learning, and chemistry. However, the heuristic ansatz exploited in modern VQAs is…

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) are expected to be a path to quantum advantages on noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices. However, both empirical and theoretical results exhibit that the deployed ansatz heavily affects the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-31 Yuxuan Du , Tao Huang , Shan You , Min-Hsiu Hsieh , Dacheng Tao

Quantum architecture search (QAS) automates the design of parameterized quantum circuits for variational quantum algorithms. The framework finds a well-suited problem-specific structure of a variational ansatz. Among possible…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Mikhail Sergeev , Georgii Paradezhenko , Daniil Rabinovich , Vladimir V. Palyulin

We present BenchRL-QAS, a unified benchmarking framework for reinforcement learning (RL) in quantum architecture search (QAS) across a spectrum of variational quantum algorithm tasks on 2- to 8-qubit systems. Our study systematically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-30 Azhar Ikhtiarudin , Aditi Das , Param Thakkar , Akash Kundu

Variational quantum algorithms hold the promise to address meaningful quantum problems already on noisy intermediate-scale quantum hardware. In spite of the promise, they face the challenge of designing quantum circuits that both solve the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-01 Akash Kundu , Stefano Mangini

Differentiable quantum architecture search (DQAS) is a gradient-based framework to design quantum circuits automatically in the NISQ era. It was motivated by such as low fidelity of quantum hardware, low flexibility of circuit architecture,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-21 Yize Sun , Yunpu Ma , Volker Tresp

The emergence of quantum reinforcement learning (QRL) is propelled by advancements in quantum computing (QC) and machine learning (ML), particularly through quantum neural networks (QNN) built on variational quantum circuits (VQC). These…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-26 Samuel Yen-Chi Chen

The variational quantum algorithms are crucial for the application of NISQ computers. Such algorithms require short quantum circuits, which are more amenable to implementation on near-term hardware, and many such methods have been…

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) have been successfully applied to quantum approximate optimization algorithms, variational quantum compiling and quantum machine learning models. The performances of VQAs largely depend on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-14 Zhimin He , Chuangtao Chen , Lvzhou Li , Shenggen Zheng , Haozhen Situ

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) constitute a prominent framework for exploring the capabilities of near-term quantum computers. As the effectiveness of VQAs depends heavily on the design of variational quantum circuits, Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-30 Haozhen Situ , Zhimin He , Lvzhou Li

The key challenge in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum era is finding useful circuits compatible with current device limitations. Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) offer a potential solution by fixing the circuit architecture and…

Quantum machine learning -- and specifically Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) -- offers a powerful, flexible paradigm for programming near-term quantum computers, with applications in chemistry, metrology, materials science, data…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-15 M. Bilkis , M. Cerezo , Guillaume Verdon , Patrick J. Coles , Lukasz Cincio

Quantum machine learning (QML) has been identified as one of the key fields that could reap advantages from near-term quantum devices, next to optimization and quantum chemistry. Research in this area has focused primarily on variational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-01 Andrea Skolik , Sofiene Jerbi , Vedran Dunjko

Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) are a promising approach to leverage Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers. However, choosing optimal quantum circuits that efficiently solve a given VQA problem is a non-trivial task.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-07 Swagat Kumar , Jan-Nico Zaech , Colin Michael Wilmott , Luc Van Gool

Recent advances in quantum computing have drawn considerable attention to building realistic application for and using quantum computers. However, designing a suitable quantum circuit architecture requires expert knowledge. For example, it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-19 En-Jui Kuo , Yao-Lung L. Fang , Samuel Yen-Chi Chen

Reinforcement learning-based Quantum Architecture Search (QAS) offers a promising avenue for automating the design of variational quantum circuits, but existing methods typically decouple discrete structure search from continuous parameter…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-30 Jiayang Niu , Yan Wang , Jie Li , Ke Deng , Azadeh Alavi , Muhammad Usman , Yongli Ren

As quantum computing continues to gain attention, there is growing interest in how classical machine learning can assist quantum workflows in practice. Automated circuit design, sometimes referred to as Quantum Architecture Search (QAS), is…

Many challenges arising in Quantum Technology can be successfully addressed using a set of machine learning algorithms collectively known as reinforcement learning (RL), based on adaptive decision-making through interaction with the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-28 Marin Bukov , Florian Marquardt
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