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Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) will be sensitive to a finite number of gravitational wave (GW) "point" sources (e.g. supermassive black hole binaries). N quiet pulsars with accurately known distances d_{pulsar} can characterize up to 2N/7…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-05-30 Latham Boyle , Ue-Li Pen

Gravitational waves are perturbations of the metric of space-time. Six polarizations are possible, although general relativity predicts that only two such polarizations, tensor plus and tensor cross are present for gravitational waves. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-05-16 Dicong Liang , Yungui Gong , Alan J. Weinstein , Chao Zhang , Chunyu Zhang

We propose a data processing technique to cancel monopole and dipole noise sources (such as clock and ephemeris noises respectively) in pulsar timing array searches for gravitational radiation. These noises are the dominant sources of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-05-02 Massimo Tinto

The stochastic gravitational-wave background is imprinted on the times of arrival of radio pulses from millisecond pulsars. Traditional pulsar timing analyses fit a timing model to each pulsar and search the residuals of the fit for a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-11-13 William DeRocco , Jeff A. Dror

Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs) are expected to be able to detect gravitational waves (GWs) from individual supermassive black hole binaries in the near future. In order to identify the host galaxy of a gravitational wave source, the angular…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-12-20 Ryo Kato , Keitaro Takahashi

A new model independent method is presented for the analysis of pulsar timing data and the estimation of the spectral properties of an isotropic gravitational wave background (GWB). We show that by rephrasing the likelihood we are able to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-06-26 Lindley Lentati , Paul Alexander , Michael P. Hobson , Stephen Taylor , Jonathon Gair , Sreekumar T. Balan , Rutger van Haasteren

Pulsar timing array observations have found evidence for an isotropic gravitational wave background with the Hellings-Downs angular correlations, expected from general relativity. This interpretation hinges on the measured shape of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-11-21 Gabriella Agazie , Jeremy G. Baier , Paul T. Baker , Bence Becsy , Laura Blecha , Kimberly K. Boddy , Adam Brazier , Paul R. Brook , Sarah Burke-Spolaor , Rand Burnette , J. Andrew Casey-Clyde , Maria Charisi , Shami Chatterjee , Tyler Cohen , James M. Cordes , Neil J. Cornish , Fronefield Crawford , H. Thankful Cromartie , Megan E. DeCesar , Paul B. Demorest , Heling Deng , Lankeswar Dey , Timothy Dolch , Elizabeth C. Ferrara , William Fiore , Emmanuel Fonseca , Gabriel E. Freedman , Emiko C. Gardiner , Kyle A. Gersbach , Joseph Glaser , Deborah C. Good , Kayhan Gultekin , Jeffrey S. Hazboun , Ross J. Jennings , Aaron D. Johnson , David L. Kaplan , Luke Zoltan Kelley , Joey S. Key , Nima Laal , Michael T. Lam , William G. Lamb , Bjorn Larsen , T. Joseph W. Lazio , Natalia Lewandowska , Tingting Liu , Jing Luo , Ryan S. Lynch , Chung-Pei Ma , Dustin R. Madison , Alexander McEwen , James W. McKee , Maura A. McLaughlin , Patrick M. Meyers , Chiara M. F. Mingarelli , Andrea Mitridate , Jonathan Nay , David J. Nice , Stella Koch Ocker , Ken D. Olum , Timothy T. Pennucci , Polina Petrov , Nihan S. Pol , Henri A. Radovan , Scott M. Ransom , Paul S. Ray , Jessie C. Runnoe , Alexander Saffer , Shashwat C. Sardesai , Kai Schmitz , Xavier Siemens , Joseph Simon , Magdalena S. Siwek , Tristan L. Smith , Sophia V. Sosa Fiscella , Ingrid H. Stairs , Daniel R. Stinebring , Abhimanyu Susobhanan , Joseph K. Swiggum , Jacob Taylor , Stephen R. Taylor , Jacob E. Turner , Caner Unal , Michele Vallisneri , Rutger van Haasteren , Joris Verbiest , Sarah J. Vigeland , Caitlin A. Witt , David Wright , Olivia Young

Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) experiments have entered a new era with evidence for a nanoHertz gravitational wave background (GWB). This review describes the physics of detection, detailing the noise models and cross-correlation techniques…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-01 C. M. F. Mingarelli , J. A. Casey-Clyde , Y. T. Chang , E. Eisenberg , F. Hutchison , N. Khusid , B. Larsen , A. Moran , F. Semenzato , L. Willson , Q. Zheng

Direct detection of gravitational waves by pulsar timing arrays will become feasible over the next few years. In the low frequency regime ($10^{-7}$ Hz -- $10^{-9}$ Hz), we expect that a superposition of gravitational waves from many…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Justin Ellis , Xavier Siemens , Rutger van Haasteren

We consider the effects of relaxing the assumption that gravitational waves composing the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) are uncorrelated between frequencies in analyses of the data from Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs). While…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-30 Wayne Hu , Qiuyue Liang , Meng-Xiang Lin , Mark Trodden

Gravitational waves provide a new probe of the Universe which can reveal a number of cosmological and astrophysical phenomena that cannot be observed by electromagnetic waves. Different frequencies of gravitational waves are detected by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-11-08 Jun'ichi Yokoyama

This thesis is devoted to the investigations of gravitational wave (GW) data analysis from a continuous source e.g. a pulsar, a binary star system. The first Chapter is an introduction to gravitational wave and second Chapter is on the data…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 S. K. Sahay

The gravitational wave (GW) background produced at the cosmological chiral phase transition in a conformal extension of the standard model is studied. To obtain the bounce solution of coupled field equations we implement an iterative…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-04-15 Mayumi Aoki , Jisuke Kubo

In this paper, we study the polarization of a gravitational wave (GW) emitted by an astrophysical source at a cosmic distance propagating through the Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walk universe. By considering the null geodesic deviations,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-10-25 Jia-Xi Feng , Fu-Wen Shu , Anzhong Wang

We search for the signature of an isotropic stochastic gravitational-wave background in pulsar timing observations using a frequency-domain correlation technique. These observations, which span roughly 12 yr, were obtained with the 64-m…

Within the next several years, pulsar-timing array programs will likely usher in the next era of gravitational-wave astronomy through the detection of a stochastic background of nanohertz-frequency gravitational waves, originating from a…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-21 Stephen R. Taylor , Rutger van Haasteren , Alberto Sesana

Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs) have reported evidence for a stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background at nHz frequencies, possibly originating in the early Universe. We show that the spectral shape of the low-frequency (causality) tail of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-25 Gabriele Franciolini , Davide Racco , Fabrizio Rompineve

The models currently used in the detection of gravitational waves (GWs) either do not consider a relative motion between the center-of-mass of the source and the observer, or usually only consider its effect on the frequencies of GWs.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-04-28 Alejandro Torres-Orjuela , Xian Chen , Zhoujian Cao , Pau Amaro-Seoane , Peng Peng

Doppler anisotropies, induced by our relative motion with respect to the source rest frame, are a guaranteed property of stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds of cosmological origin. If detected by future pulsar timing array…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-12-01 Gianmassimo Tasinato

In this work we present analytic and numerical treatments of the gravitational wave signal from a pulsar which includes spindown. We consider phase corrections to a received monochromatic signal due to rotational and elliptical orbital…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 S. R. Valluri , K. M. Rao , P. Wiegert , F. A. Chishtie