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Cellular automata (CA) are dynamical systems defined by a finite local rule but they are studied for their global dynamics. They can exhibit a wide range of complex behaviours and a celebrated result is the existence of (intrinsically)…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2009-02-10 Laurent Boyer , Guillaume Theyssier

The density classification problem is the computational problem of finding the majority in a given array of votes in a distributed fashion. It is known that no cellular automaton rule with binary alphabet can solve the density…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2016-04-18 Nazim Fatès , Irène Marcovici , Siamak Taati

The information flow in a quantum system is a fundamental feature of its dynamics. An important class of dynamics are quantum cellular automata (QCA), systems with discrete updates invariant in time and space, for which an index theory has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-02 Elisabeth Wagner , Ramil Nigmatullin , Alexei Gilchrist , Gavin K. Brennen

We introduce a scheme to perform universal quantum computation in quantum cellular automata (QCA) fashion in arbitrary subsystem dimension (not necessarily finite). The scheme is developed over a one spatial dimension $N$-element array,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-09-02 G. A. Paz-Silva , G. K. Brennen , J. Twamley

This paper studies complexity of recognition of classes of bounded configurations by a generalization of conventional cellular automata (CA) -- finite dynamic cellular automata (FDCA). Inspired by the CA-based models of biological and…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Maxim Makatchev

Number-conserving (or {\em conservative}) cellular automata have been used in several contexts, in particular traffic models, where it is natural to think about them as systems of interacting particles. In this article we consider several…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2007-05-23 Andres Moreira , Nino Boccara , Eric Goles

This paper studies the number conservation property of 1-dimensional non-uniform cellular automata (CAs). In a non-uniform cellular automaton (CA), different cells may follow different rules. The present work considers that the cells follow…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-04-25 Raju Hazari , Sukanta Das

Several proposed schemes for the physical realization of a quantum computer consist of qubits arranged in a cellular array. In the quantum circuit model of quantum computation, an often complex series of two-qubit gate operations is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Gavin K. Brennen , Jamie E. Williams

The properties of two-state nearest-neighbour cellular automata (CA) that are capable of density classification are discussed. It is shown that these CA actually conserve the total density, rather than merely classifying it. This is also…

comp-gas · Physics 2007-05-23 N. Sukumar

Cyclic cellular automata (CCA) are models of excitable media. Started from random initial conditions, they produce several different kinds of spatial structure, depending on their control parameters. We introduce new tools from information…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2007-05-23 Cosma Rohilla Shalizi , Kristina Lisa Shalizi

While binary nearest-neighbour cellar automata (CA) have been studied in detail and from many different angles, the same cannot be said about ternary (three-state) CA rules. We present some results of our explorations of a small subset of…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2023-12-18 H. Fukś , R. Procyk

We give a one-dimensional quantum cellular automaton (QCA) capable of simulating all others. By this we mean that the initial configuration and the local transition rule of any one-dimensional QCA can be encoded within the initial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-10 Pablo Arrighi , Renan Fargetton , Zizhu Wang

Classical Cellular Automata (CCAs) are a powerful computational framework for modeling global spatio-temporal dynamics with local interactions. While CCAs have been applied across numerous scientific fields, identifying the local rule that…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-01 Faizal Hafiz , Amelia Kunze , Enrico Formenti , Davide La Torre

We consider the problem of finding the density of 1's in a configuration obtained by $n$ iterations of a given cellular automaton (CA) rule, starting from disordered initial condition. While this problems is intractable in full generality…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2023-12-18 Henryk Fukś , José Manuel Gómez Soto

We have investigated the behavior of bistable cells made up of four quantum dots and occupied by two electrons, in the presence of realistic confinement potentials produced by depletion gates on top of a GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure. Such a…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-31 M. Governale , M. Macucci , G. Iannaccone , C. Ungarelli , J. Martorell

This paper presents a hybrid classical-quantum program for density estimation and supervised classification. The program is implemented as a quantum circuit in a high-dimensional quantum computer simulator. We show that the proposed quantum…

In this paper we present a systematic view of Quantum Cellular Automata (QCA), a mathematical formalism of quantum computation. First we give a general mathematical framework with which to study QCA models. Then we present four different…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Carlos A. Perez-Delgado , Donny Cheung

Quantum cellular automata (QCAs) are automorphisms of tensor product algebras that preserve locality, with local quantum circuits as a simple example. We study approximate QCAs, where the locality condition is only satisfied up to a small…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-10 Daniel Ranard , Michael Walter , Freek Witteveen

We propose a novel density based numerical method for uncertainty propagation under certain partial differential equation dynamics. The main idea is to translate them into objects that we call cellular probabilistic automata and to evolve…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2013-02-06 Dominic Kohler , Johannes Müller , Utz Wever

This paper introduces a new formalism for quantum cellular automata (QCAs), based on evolving tensor products of qubits using local unitary operators. It subsequently uses this formalism to analyze and validate several conjectures, stemming…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-03 Ruhi Shah , Jonathan Gorard