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Despite the impressive capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) on various tasks, they still struggle with scenarios that involves complex reasoning and planning. Recent work proposed advanced prompting techniques and the necessity of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Ye Tian , Baolin Peng , Linfeng Song , Lifeng Jin , Dian Yu , Haitao Mi , Dong Yu

Self-correction has achieved impressive results in enhancing the style and security of the generated output from large language models (LLMs). However, recent studies suggest that self-correction might be limited or even counterproductive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Che Zhang , Zhenyang Xiao , Chengcheng Han , Yixin Lian , Yuejian Fang

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown significant potential in assisting peer review, current methods often struggle to generate thorough and insightful reviews while maintaining efficiency. In this paper, we propose TreeReview, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Yuan Chang , Ziyue Li , Hengyuan Zhang , Yuanbo Kong , Yanru Wu , Hayden Kwok-Hay So , Zhijiang Guo , Liya Zhu , Ngai Wong

While researchers have made significant progress in enabling large language models (LLMs) to perform multi-step planning, LLMs struggle to ensure that those plans align with high-level user intent and satisfy symbolic constraints,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Kamel Alrashedy , Vriksha Srihari , Zulfiqar Zaidi , Ridam Srivastava , Pradyumna Tambwekar , Matthew Gombolay

Existing large language models (LLMs) show exceptional problem-solving capabilities but might struggle with complex reasoning tasks. Despite the successes of chain-of-thought and tree-based search methods, they mainly depend on the internal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Jinhao Jiang , Jiayi Chen , Junyi Li , Ruiyang Ren , Shijie Wang , Wayne Xin Zhao , Yang Song , Tao Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable multi-step reasoning capabilities across various domains. However, LLMs still face distinct challenges in complex logical reasoning, as (1) proof-finding requires systematic exploration…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Kang He , Kaushik Roy

Chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning has enabled large language models (LLMs) to utilize additional computation through intermediate tokens to solve complex tasks. However, we posit that typical reasoning traces contain many redundant tokens,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Tergel Munkhbat , Namgyu Ho , Seo Hyun Kim , Yongjin Yang , Yujin Kim , Se-Young Yun

Tree search methods have demonstrated impressive performance in code generation. Previous methods combine tree search with reflection that summarizes past mistakes to achieve iterative improvement. However, these methods face significant…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Qingyao Li , Wei Xia , Kounianhua Du , Xinyi Dai , Ruiming Tang , Yasheng Wang , Yong Yu , Weinan Zhang

Effective problem solving with Large Language Models (LLMs) can be enhanced when they are paired with external search algorithms. By viewing the space of diverse ideas and their follow-up possibilities as a tree structure, the search…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Jungtaek Kim , Thomas Zeng , Ziqian Lin , Minjae Lee , Chungpa Lee , Jy-yong Sohn , Hyung Il Koo , Kangwook Lee

Recent advancements in Large Language Models(LLMs) have demonstrated their capabilities not only in reasoning but also in invoking external tools, particularly search engines. However, teaching models to discern when to invoke search and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Zeyang Sha , Shiwen Cui , Weiqiang Wang

This is the second in a series of short reports that seek to help business, education, and policy leaders understand the technical details of working with AI through rigorous testing. In this report, we investigate Chain-of-Thought (CoT)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Lennart Meincke , Ethan Mollick , Lilach Mollick , Dan Shapiro

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various tasks by effectively utilizing a prompting strategy. However, they are highly sensitive to input perturbations, such as typographical errors or slight…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Lin Mu , Guowei Chu , Li Ni , Lei Sang , Yiwen Zhang

Large language Model (LLM)-assisted algorithm discovery is an iterative, black-box optimization process over programs to approximatively solve a target task, where an LLM proposes candidate programs and an external evaluator provides task…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Timothee Leleu , Sudeera Gunathilaka , Federico Ghimenti , Surya Ganguli

Scaling inference compute enhances reasoning in large language models (LLMs), with long chains-of-thought (CoTs) enabling strategies like backtracking and error correction. Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a crucial method for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Edward Yeo , Yuxuan Tong , Morry Niu , Graham Neubig , Xiang Yue

This paper investigates the utilization of Large Language Models (LLMs) for solving complex linguistic puzzles, a domain requiring advanced reasoning and adept translation capabilities akin to human cognitive processes. We explore specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Zheng-Lin Lin , Yu-Fei Shih , Shu-Kai Hsieh

Large Language Models (LLMs) often falter at complex planning tasks that require exploration and self-correction, as their linear reasoning process struggles to recover from early mistakes. While search algorithms like Monte Carlo Tree…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Yifan Zhang , Giridhar Ganapavarapu , Srideepika Jayaraman , Bhavna Agrawal , Dhaval Patel , Achille Fokoue

Reflection, the ability of large language models (LLMs) to evaluate and revise their own reasoning, has been widely used to improve performance on complex reasoning tasks. Yet, most prior works emphasizes designing reflective prompting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Fu-Chieh Chang , Yu-Ting Lee , Pei-Yuan Wu

Tool-Integrated Reasoning has emerged as a key paradigm to augment Large Language Models (LLMs) with computational capabilities, yet integrating tool-use into long Chain-of-Thought (long CoT) remains underexplored, largely due to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Kun Li , Zenan Xu , Junan Li , Zengrui Jin , Jinghao Deng , Zexuan Qiu , Bo Zhou

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant progress in open-ended dialogue, yet their inability to retain and retrieve relevant information from long-term interactions limits their effectiveness in applications requiring sustained…

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive language understanding and contextual learning abilities, making them suitable for natural language processing (NLP) tasks and complex mathematical reasoning. However, when applied to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Haotian Xu