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Smart contracts are important for digital finance, yet they are hard to patch once deployed. Prior work has mainly explored LLMs for smart contract vulnerability detection, leaving end-to-end automated exploit generation (AEG) much less…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-22 ZeKe Xiao , Qin Wang , Yuekang Li , Shiping Chen

Cross-chain interoperability is a core component of modern blockchain infrastructure, enabling seamless asset transfers and composable applications across multiple blockchain ecosystems. However, the transparency of cross-chain messages can…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Chuanlei Li , Zhicheng Sun , Jing Xin Yuu , Xuechao Wang

DeFi, or Decentralized Finance, is based on a distributed ledger called blockchain technology. Using blockchain, DeFi may customize the execution of predetermined operations between parties. The DeFi system use blockchain technology to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Wenkai Li , Jiuyang Bu , Xiaoqi Li , Hongli Peng , Yuanzheng Niu , Yuqing Zhang

Credit exposure in Decentralized Finance (DeFi) is often implicit and token-mediated, creating a dense web of inter-protocol dependencies. Thus, a shock to one token may result in significant and uncontrolled contagion effects. As the DeFi…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Aijie Shu , Wenbin Wu , Gbenga Ibikunle , Fengxiang He

Decentralized exchanges (DEXs) face persistent challenges in liquidity retention and user engagement due to inefficiencies in conventional automated market maker (AMM) designs. This work proposes a dual-mechanism framework to address these…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2025-02-28 CY Yan , Steve Keol , Xo Co , Nate Leung

Increasing awareness of privacy-preserving has led to a strong focus on anonymous systems protecting anonymity. By studying early schemes, we summarize some intractable problems of anonymous systems. Centralization setting is a universal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-25 Renpeng Zou , Xixiang Lv

Ethereum smart contracts hold tens of billions of USD in DeFi and NFTs, yet comprehensive security analysis remains difficult due to unverified code, proxy-based architectures, and the reliance on manual inspection of complex execution…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Shuzheng Wang , Yue Huang , Zhuoer Xu , Yuming Huang , Jing Tang

The growth of the decentralized finance (DeFi) ecosystem built on blockchain technology and smart contracts has led to an increased demand for secure and reliable smart contract development. However, attacks targeting smart contracts are…

The advances of the Internet of Things (IoT) have had a fundamental impact and influence in sharping our rich living experiences. However, since IoT devices are usually resource-constrained, lightweight block ciphers have played a major…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Duc-Phong Le , Rongxing Lu , Ali A. Ghorbani

As blockchain ecosystems grow, financially motivated attackers increasingly exploit decentralized finance (DeFi) protocols, causing frequent and severe losses. Unlike conventional cyberattacks, DeFi exploits propagate rapidly due to the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Bowen Cai , Weiheng Bai , Youshui Lu , Haoran Xu , Yuannan Yang , Yajin Zhou , Kangjie Lu

With the increase of the adoption of blockchain technology in providing decentralized solutions to various problems, smart contracts have become more popular to the point that billions of US Dollars are currently exchanged every day through…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Feng Mi , Chen Zhao , Zhuoyi Wang , Sadaf MD Halim , Xiaodi Li , Zhouxiang Wu , Latifur Khan , Bhavani Thuraisingham

We present a measurement study on compositions of Decentralized Finance protocols, which aim to disrupt traditional finance and offer services on top of distributed ledgers, such as Ethereum. DeFi compositions may impact the development of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-03 Stefan Kitzler , Friedhelm Victor , Pietro Saggese , Bernhard Haslhofer

AI coding assistants are now used to generate production code in security-sensitive domains, yet the exploitability of their outputs remains unquantified. We address this gap with Broken by Default: a formal verification study of 3,500 code…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Dominik Blain , Maxime Noiseux

Ethereum has become a widely used platform to enable secure, Blockchain-based financial and business transactions. However, many identified bugs and vulnerabilities in smart contracts have led to serious financial losses, which raises…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Zhipeng Gao

Debugging Cyber-Physical System (CPS) models can be extremely complex. Indeed, only the detection of a failure is insuffcient to know how to correct a faulty model. Faults can propagate in time and in space producing observable…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-10-14 Ezio Bartocci , Niveditha Manjunath , Leonardo Mariani , Cristinel Mateis , Dejan Ničković

Since the inception of permissionless blockchains with Bitcoin in 2008, it became apparent that their most well-suited use case is related to making the financial system and its advantages available to everyone seamlessly without depending…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-06-16 Georgios Palaiokrassas , Sandro Scherrers , Iason Ofeidis , Leandros Tassiulas

Smart contracts are Turing-complete programs that are executed across a blockchain. Unlike traditional programs, once deployed, they cannot be modified. As smart contracts carry more value, they become more of an exciting target for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Christof Ferreira Torres , Antonio Ken Iannillo , Arthur Gervais , Radu State

Decentralized Exchanges (DEXs), leveraging blockchain technology and smart contracts, have emerged in decentralized finance. However, the DEX project with multi-contract interaction is accompanied by complex state logic, which makes it…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Zongwei Li , Wenkai Li , Xiaoqi Li , Yuqing Zhang

With the rapid development of blockchain technology, transaction logs play a central role in various applications, including decentralized exchanges, wallets, cross-chain bridges, and other third-party services. However, these logs,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Yixuan Liu , Yuxin Dong , Ye Liu , Xiapu Luo , Yi Li

Cross-chain bridges constitute the single largest vector of systemic risk in Decentralized Finance (DeFi), accounting for over \$2.8 billion in losses since 2021. The fundamental vulnerability lies in the binary nature of existing bridge…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Shengwei You , Aditya Joshi , Andrey Kuehlkamp , Jarek Nabrzyski