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We present a graphical criterion for covariate adjustment that is sound and complete for four different classes of causal graphical models: directed acyclic graphs (DAGs), maximum ancestral graphs (MAGs), completed partially directed…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-06-20 Emilija Perković , Johannes Textor , Markus Kalisch , Marloes H. Maathuis

In the algorithm Intersort, Chevalley et al. (2024) proposed a score-based method to discover the causal order of variables in a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) model, leveraging interventional data to outperform existing methods. However, as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Mathieu Chevalley , Arash Mehrjou , Patrick Schwab

Despite several advances in recent years, learning causal structures represented by directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) remains a challenging task in high dimensional settings when the graphs to be learned are not sparse. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Zhuangyan Fang , Shengyu Zhu , Jiji Zhang , Yue Liu , Zhitang Chen , Yangbo He

A directed acyclic graph (DAG) partially represents the conditional independence structure among observations of a system if the local Markov condition holds, that is, if every variable is independent of its non-descendants given its…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-10-28 Bastian Steudel , Nihat Ay

Directed Gaussian graphical models are statistical models that use a directed acyclic graph (DAG) to represent the conditional independence structures between a set of jointly normal random variables. The DAG specifies the model through…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2022-08-08 Pratik Misra , Seth Sullivant

Identification and appropriate handling of inconsistencies in data at deployment time is crucial to reliably use machine learning models. While recent data-centric methods are able to identify such inconsistencies with respect to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Nicolas Huynh , Jeroen Berrevoets , Nabeel Seedat , Jonathan Crabbé , Zhaozhi Qian , Mihaela van der Schaar

Learning the structure of Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) presents a significant challenge due to the vast combinatorial search space of possible graphs, which scales exponentially with the number of nodes. Recent advancements have redefined…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Klea Ziu , Slavomír Hanzely , Loka Li , Kun Zhang , Martin Takáč , Dmitry Kamzolov

We develop simple methods for constructing parameter priors for model choice among Directed Acyclic Graphical (DAG) models. In particular, we introduce several assumptions that permit the construction of parameter priors for a large number…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-07-01 Dan Geiger , David Heckerman

Causal inference with observational data critically relies on untestable and extra-statistical assumptions that have (sometimes) testable implications. Well-known sets of assumptions that are sufficient to justify the causal interpretation…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-02-20 Pablo Geraldo Bastías

The increasing availability of interventional data offers new opportunities for causal discovery, with gene perturbation studies providing a prominent example. Such data are typically count-valued and subject to substantial measurement…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-30 Yijiao Zhang , Hongzhe Li

Recent work on causal abstraction, in particular graphical approaches focusing on causal structure between clusters of variables, aims to summarize a high-dimensional causal structure in terms of a low-dimensional one. Existing methods for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-12 Francisco Madaleno , Francisco C Pereira , Alex Markham

Learning the causal structure that underlies data is a crucial step towards robust real-world decision making. The majority of existing work in causal inference focuses on determining a single directed acyclic graph (DAG) or a Markov…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Yashas Annadani , Jonas Rothfuss , Alexandre Lacoste , Nino Scherrer , Anirudh Goyal , Yoshua Bengio , Stefan Bauer

We focus on the extension of bivariate causal learning methods into multivariate problem settings in a systematic manner via a novel framework. It is purposive to augment the scale to which bivariate causal discovery approaches can be…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-05-29 Hongyi Chen , Maurits Kaptein

Identifiability of parameters is an essential property for a statistical model to be useful in most settings. However, establishing parameter identifiability for Bayesian networks with hidden variables remains challenging. In the context of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-06-04 Elizabeth S. Allman , John A. Rhodes , Elena Stanghellini , Marco Valtorta

Social science theories often postulate causal relationships among a set of variables or events. Although directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are increasingly used to represent these theories, their full potential has not yet been realized in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-01-17 Sourabh Balgi , Adel Daoud , Jose M. Peña , Geoffrey T. Wodtke , Jesse Zhou

We explore if it is possible to learn a directed acyclic graph (DAG) from data without imposing explicitly the acyclicity constraint. In particular, for Gaussian distributions, we frame structural learning as a sparse matrix factorization…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-05 Gherardo Varando

Causal discovery from observational data is a challenging task that can only be solved up to a set of equivalent solutions, called an equivalence class. Such classes, which are often large in size, encode uncertainties about the orientation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Philippe Brouillard , Perouz Taslakian , Alexandre Lacoste , Sebastien Lachapelle , Alexandre Drouin

A discrete Bayesian network is a directed acyclic graph (DAG) consisting of categorical variables. Two popular approaches for DBN modeling include classification and nonparametric methods. However, both methods often require a large number…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-29 Alexander Dombowsky , David B. Dunson

We introduce a new method to estimate the Markov equivalence class of a directed acyclic graph (DAG) in the presence of hidden variables, in settings where the underlying DAG among the observed variables is sparse, and there are a few…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-08-07 Benjamin Frot , Preetam Nandy , Marloes H. Maathuis

Discovering the underlying dynamics of complex systems from data is an important practical topic. Constrained optimization algorithms are widely utilized and lead to many successes. Yet, such purely data-driven methods may bring about…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-05-17 Nan Chen , Yinling Zhang