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Computational pathology has made significant progress in recent years, fueling advances in both fundamental disease understanding and clinically ready tools. This evolution is driven by the availability of large amounts of digitized slides…

Reliable plant species and damage segmentation for herbicide field research trials requires models that can withstand substantial real-world variation across seasons, geographies, devices, and sensing modalities. Most deep learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Artzai Picon , Itziar Eguskiza , Daniel Mugica , Javier Romero , Carlos Javier Jimenez , Eric White , Gabriel Do-Lago-Junqueira , Christian Klukas , Ramon Navarra-Mestre

Foundation models in digital pathology use massive datasets to learn useful compact feature representations of complex histology images. However, there is limited transparency into what drives the correlation between dataset size and…

Multi-omics research has enhanced our understanding of cancer heterogeneity and progression. Investigating molecular data through multi-omics approaches is crucial for unraveling the complex biological mechanisms underlying cancer, thereby…

Background: Large foundation models have revolutionized single-cell analysis, yet no kidney-specific model currently exists, and it remains unclear whether organ-focused models can outperform generalized models. The kidney's complex…

Medical imaging is crucial in modern clinics to guide the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Medical image reconstruction is one of the most fundamental and important components of medical imaging, whose major objective is to acquire…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-04 Haimiao Zhang , Bin Dong

White blood cells (WBC) are important parts of our immune system, and they protect our body against infections by eliminating viruses, bacteria, parasites and fungi. The number of WBC types and the total number of WBCs provide important…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Sibasish Dhibar

Histopathological images are widely used for the analysis of diseased (tumor) tissues and patient treatment selection. While the majority of microscopy image processing was previously done manually by pathologists, recent advances in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-12 Andrey Ignatov , Josephine Yates , Valentina Boeva

Existing medical image registration algorithms rely on either dataset specific training or local texture-based features to align images. The former cannot be reliably implemented without large modality-specific training datasets, while the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Xinrui Song , Xuanang Xu , Pingkun Yan

This article discusses the opportunities, applications and future directions of large-scale pre-trained models, i.e., foundation models, for analyzing medical images. Medical foundation models have immense potential in solving a wide range…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-23 Shaoting Zhang , Dimitris Metaxas

Foundation models have substantially advanced computational pathology by learning transferable visual representations from large histological datasets, yet their performance varies widely across tasks due to differences in training data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Wenhui Lei , Yusheng Tan , Anqi Li , Hanyu Chen , Hengrui Tian , Ruiying Li , Zhengqun Jiang , Fang Yan , Xiaofan Zhang , Shaoting Zhang

Accurate classification of blood cells is of vital significance in the diagnosis of hematological disorders. However, in real-world scenarios, domain shifts caused by the variability in laboratory procedures and settings, result in a rapid…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Yongcheng Li , Lingcong Cai , Ying Lu , Cheng Lin , Yupeng Zhang , Jingyan Jiang , Genan Dai , Bowen Zhang , Jingzhou Cao , Xiangzhong Zhang , Xiaomao Fan

Foundation models (FMs) are transforming computational pathology by offering new ways to analyze histopathology images. However, FMs typically require weeks of training on large databases, making their creation a resource-intensive process.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-27 Till Nicke , Daniela Schacherer , Jan Raphael Schäfer , Natalia Artysh , Antje Prasse , André Homeyer , Andrea Schenk , Henning Höfener , Johannes Lotz

Neural networks achieve state-of-the-art performance in many supervised learning tasks when the training data distribution matches the test data distribution. However, their performance drops significantly under domain (covariate) shift, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Kerem Cekmeceli , Meva Himmetoglu , Guney I. Tombak , Anna Susmelj , Ertunc Erdil , Ender Konukoglu

Segmenting 3D blood vessels is a critical yet challenging task in medical image analysis. This is due to significant imaging modality-specific variations in artifacts, vascular patterns and scales, signal-to-noise ratios, and background…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-18 Bastian Wittmann , Yannick Wattenberg , Tamaz Amiranashvili , Suprosanna Shit , Bjoern Menze

Personalized medicine remains a major challenge for scientists. The rapid growth of Machine learning and Deep learning has made them a feasible al- ternative for predicting the most appropriate therapy for individual patients. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Antonio Jesús Banegas-Luna , Horacio Pérez-Sánchez

Modern deep learning methods have achieved impressive results across tasks from disease classification, estimating continuous biomarkers, to generating realistic medical images. Most of these approaches are trained to model conditional…

Noninvasive optical imaging modalities can probe patient's tissue in 3D and over time generate gigabytes of clinically relevant data per sample. There is a need for AI models to analyze this data and assist clinical workflow. The lack of…

Automated white blood cell (WBC) classification is essential for scalable leukaemia screening. However, real-world deployment is challenged by domain shifts caused by staining protocols, scanner characteristics, and inter-laboratory…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Ruyi Dai , Tingkwong Ng , Hao Chen

Denoising diffusion bridge models (DDBMs) are a powerful variant of diffusion models for interpolating between two arbitrary paired distributions given as endpoints. Despite their promising performance in tasks like image translation, DDBMs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Kaiwen Zheng , Guande He , Jianfei Chen , Fan Bao , Jun Zhu