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We consider learning causal relationships under conditional moment restrictions. Unlike causal inference under unconditional moment restrictions, conditional moment restrictions pose serious challenges for causal inference, especially in…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-09-30 Masahiro Kato , Masaaki Imaizumi , Kenichiro McAlinn , Haruo Kakehi , Shota Yasui

Discovering the causal structure among a set of variables is a fundamental problem in many areas of science. In this paper, we propose Kernel Conditional Deviance for Causal Inference (KCDC) a fully nonparametric causal discovery method…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-04-13 Jovana Mitrovic , Dino Sejdinovic , Yee Whye Teh

A structural causal model is made of endogenous (manifest) and exogenous (latent) variables. We show that endogenous observations induce linear constraints on the probabilities of the exogenous variables. This allows to exactly map a causal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Marco Zaffalon , Alessandro Antonucci , Rafael Cabañas

We consider learning a causal ordering of variables in a linear non-Gaussian acyclic model called LiNGAM. Several existing methods have been shown to consistently estimate a causal ordering assuming that all the model assumptions are…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-07-30 Tatsuya Tashiro , Shohei Shimizu , Aapo Hyvarinen , Takashi Washio

This PhD thesis contains several contributions to the field of statistical causal modeling. Statistical causal models are statistical models embedded with causal assumptions that allow for the inference and reasoning about the behavior of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-05 Martin Emil Jakobsen

Causal discovery from data with unmeasured confounding factors is a challenging problem. This paper proposes an approach based on the f-GAN framework, learning the binary causal structure independent of specific weight values. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Mujin Zhou , Junzhe Zhang

We study contextual chance-constrained programming under decision-dependent uncertainty. In this setting, a decision not only needs to satisfy constraints but also alters the distribution of uncertain outcomes. This dependency makes the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-10 Xiangting Liu , Shengran Wang , Kaile Yan , Zhi-Hai Zhang

Causal disentanglement aims to learn about latent causal factors behind data, holding the promise to augment existing representation learning methods in terms of interpretability and extrapolation. Recent advances establish identifiability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Ryan Welch , Jiaqi Zhang , Caroline Uhler

A space fractional diffusion-like equation is introduced, which embodies the nonlocality in time, represented by the memory kernel and the non-locality in space. A specific example of the nonlocal term is considered in combination with…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-01-06 Pece Trajanovski , Irina Petreska , Katarzyna Gorska , Ljupco Kocarev , Trifce Sandev

We propose a counterfactual approach to train ``causality-aware" predictive models that are able to leverage causal information in static anticausal machine learning tasks (i.e., prediction tasks where the outcome influences the features).…

Applications · Statistics 2020-12-01 Elias Chaibub Neto

We propose a principle for exploring context in machine learning models. Starting with a simple assumption that each observation may or may not depend on its context, a conditional probability distribution is decomposed into two parts:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-23 Yun Zeng

Important information on the structure of complex systems, consisting of more than one component, can be obtained by measuring to which extent the individual components exchange information among each other. Such knowledge is needed to…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-13 Daniele Marinazzo , Mario Pellicoro , Sebastiano Stramaglia

Inferring the causal direction and causal effect between two discrete random variables X and Y from a finite sample is often a crucial problem and a challenging task. However, if we have access to observational and interventional data, it…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-16 Peter Gmeiner

We address the problem of estimating causal effects from observational data in the presence of network confounding, a setting where both treatment assignment and observed outcomes of individuals may be influenced by their neighbors within a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Abhishek Dalvi , Neil Ashtekar , Vasant Honavar

Identifying latent variables and causal structures from observational data is essential to many real-world applications involving biological data, medical data, and unstructured data such as images and languages. However, this task can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Lingjing Kong , Biwei Huang , Feng Xie , Eric Xing , Yuejie Chi , Kun Zhang

Claiming causal inferences in network settings necessitates careful consideration of the often complex dependency between outcomes for actors. Of particular importance are treatment spillover or outcome interference effects. We consider…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-18 Duncan A. Clark , Mark S. Handcock

In the univariate case, we show that by comparing the individual complexities of univariate cause and effect, one can identify the cause and the effect, without considering their interaction at all. In our framework, complexities are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Tomer Galanti , Ofir Nabati , Lior Wolf

Causal inference from observational data following the restricted structural causal models (SCM) framework hinges largely on the asymmetry between cause and effect from the data generating mechanisms, such as non-Gaussianity or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Kang Du , Yu Xiang

Structural causal models (SCMs) are widely used in various disciplines to represent causal relationships among variables in complex systems. Unfortunately, the underlying causal structure is often unknown, and estimating it from data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Tianyu Chen , Kevin Bello , Bryon Aragam , Pradeep Ravikumar

Predicting the response of nonlinear dynamical systems subject to random, broadband excitation is important across a range of scientific disciplines, such as structural dynamics and neuroscience. Building data-driven models requires…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Joseph Massingham , Ole Nielsen , Tore Butlin
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