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Mainstream LLM research has primarily focused on enhancing their generative capabilities. However, even the most advanced LLMs experience uncertainty in their outputs, often producing varied results on different runs or when faced with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Jihyun Janice Ahn , Ryo Kamoi , Lu Cheng , Rui Zhang , Wenpeng Yin

In the absence of abundant reliable annotations for challenging tasks and contexts, how can we expand the frontier of LLM capabilities with potentially wrong answers? We focus on two research questions: (1) Can LLMs generate reliable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Jihan Yao , Wenxuan Ding , Shangbin Feng , Lucy Lu Wang , Yulia Tsvetkov

As LLMs rapidly saturate existing benchmarks, automated benchmark creation using LLMs (LLM-as-a-benchmark) -- where a model generates test inputs (LLM-as-a-testset) and evaluates outputs (LLM-as-an-evaluator) -- has gained traction as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Wenda Xu , Sweta Agrawal , Vilém Zouhar , Markus Freitag , Daniel Deutsch

Recent large language models (LLMs) achieve strong performance in generating promising reasoning paths for complex tasks. However, despite powerful generation ability, LLMs remain weak at verifying their own answers, revealing a persistent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yuxin Chen , Yu Wang , Yi Zhang , Ziang Ye , Zhengzhou Cai , Yaorui Shi , Qi Gu , Hui Su , Xunliang Cai , Xiang Wang , An Zhang , Tat-Seng Chua

Self-correction is an approach to improving responses from large language models (LLMs) by refining the responses using LLMs during inference. Prior work has proposed various self-correction frameworks using different sources of feedback,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Ryo Kamoi , Yusen Zhang , Nan Zhang , Jiawei Han , Rui Zhang

Large language models have recently demonstrated remarkable abilities to self-correct their responses through iterative refinement, often referred to as self-consistency or self-reflection. However, the dynamics of this self-correction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Hossein A. Rahmani , Satyapriya Krishna , Xi Wang , Mohammadmehdi Naghiaei , Emine Yilmaz

Distinguishing between human- and LLM-generated texts is crucial given the risks associated with misuse of LLMs. This paper investigates detection and explanation capabilities of current LLMs across two settings: binary (human vs.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Jiazhou Ji , Jie Guo , Weidong Qiu , Zheng Huang , Yang Xu , Xinru Lu , Xiaoyu Jiang , Ruizhe Li , Shujun Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a groundbreaking technology with their unparalleled text generation capabilities across various applications. Nevertheless, concerns persist regarding the accuracy and appropriateness of their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Jie Huang , Xinyun Chen , Swaroop Mishra , Huaixiu Steven Zheng , Adams Wei Yu , Xinying Song , Denny Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly optimized for long reasoning, under the assumption that more reasoning leads to better performance. However, emerging evidence suggests that longer responses can sometimes degrade accuracy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Jinyan Su , Jennifer Healey , Preslav Nakov , Claire Cardie

This paper explores the assumption that Large Language Models (LLMs) skilled in generation tasks are equally adept as evaluators. We assess the performance of three LLMs and one open-source LM in Question-Answering (QA) and evaluation tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Juhyun Oh , Eunsu Kim , Inha Cha , Alice Oh

Recent studies have demonstrated that large language models (LLMs) exhibit significant biases in evaluation tasks, particularly in preferentially rating and favoring self-generated content. However, the extent to which this bias manifests…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yen-Shan Chen , Jing Jin , Peng-Ting Kuo , Chao-Wei Huang , Yun-Nung Chen

Large language models (LLMs) are commonly evaluated on tasks that test their knowledge or reasoning abilities. In this paper, we explore a different type of evaluation: whether an LLM can predict aspects of its own responses. Since LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Elon Ezra , Ariel Weizman , Amos Azaria

LLMs are not generally able to adjust the length of their outputs based on strict length requirements, a capability that would improve their usefulness in applications that require adherence to diverse user and system requirements. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Diana Marie Schenke , Timo Baumann

LLM-as-Judge frameworks are increasingly popular for AI evaluation, yet research findings on the relationship between models' generation and judgment abilities remain inconsistent. We investigate this relationship through systematic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Wei-Hsiang Lin , Sheng-Lun Wei , Hen-Hsen Huang , Hsin-Hsi Chen

Self-evaluation using large language models (LLMs) has proven valuable not only in benchmarking but also methods like reward modeling, constitutional AI, and self-refinement. But new biases are introduced due to the same LLM acting as both…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Arjun Panickssery , Samuel R. Bowman , Shi Feng

Large language models (LLM) have revolutionized the processing of natural language. Although first benchmarks of the process modeling abilities of LLM are promising, it is currently under debate to what extent an LLM can generate good…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Peter Fettke , Constantin Houy

Recent studies show that large language models (LLMs) improve their performance through self-feedback on certain tasks while degrade on others. We discovered that such a contrary is due to LLM's bias in evaluating their own output. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Wenda Xu , Guanglei Zhu , Xuandong Zhao , Liangming Pan , Lei Li , William Yang Wang

The development of highly fluent large language models (LLMs) has prompted increased interest in assessing their reasoning and problem-solving capabilities. We investigate whether several LLMs can solve a classic type of deductive reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Spencer M. Seals , Valerie L. Shalin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have in recent years demonstrated impressive prowess in natural language generation. A common practice to improve generation diversity is to sample multiple outputs from the model. However, there lacks a simple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Xingdi Yuan , Tong Wang , Yen-Hsiang Wang , Emery Fine , Rania Abdelghani , Pauline Lucas , Hélène Sauzéon , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer

Safe deployment of large language models (LLMs) may benefit from a reliable method for assessing their generated content to determine when to abstain or to selectively generate. While likelihood-based metrics such as perplexity are widely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Jie Ren , Yao Zhao , Tu Vu , Peter J. Liu , Balaji Lakshminarayanan
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