Related papers: Productivity and quality-adjusted life years: QALY…
This paper develops a unified framework for evaluating health outcomes that jointly incorporates equity and productivity. Extending beyond traditional QALYs, PALYs, and the more recent PQALYs, we introduce a broader class of evaluation…
The unprecedented extension of the human lifespan necessitates a parallel evolution in how we quantify the quality of aging and its socioeconomic impact. Traditional metrics focusing on Healthspan (years free of disease) overlook the…
In life insurance, life tables are used to estimate the survival distribution of individuals from a given population. However, these tables only provide survival probabilities at integer ages but no information about the distribution of…
Lay summarisation aims to produce summaries of scientific articles that are comprehensible to non-expert audiences. However, previous work assumes a one-size-fits-all approach, where the content and style of the produced summary are…
We present the results of a study comparing the performance of younger adults (YA) and people in late adulthood (PLA) across ten low-level analysis tasks and five basic visualizations, employing Bayesian regression to aggregate and model…
Quantitative aspects of computation are related to the use of both physical and mathematical quantities, including time, performance metrics, probability, and measures for reliability and security. They are essential in characterizing the…
Patient-level health economic data collected alongside clinical trials are an important component of the process of technology appraisal, with a view to informing resource allocation decisions. For end of life treatments, such as cancer…
There is an imperative need to provide quality of life to a growing population of older adults living independently. Personalised solutions that focus on the person and take into consideration their preferences and context are key. In this…
Lifestyle and environment interacting with our biological machine are primarily responsible for shaping our health and wellbeing. Continuous, multi-modal, and quantitative approaches to understanding and controlling these factors will allow…
Quantifying the "capability" of a manufacturing process is an important initial step in any quality improvement program. Capability is usually defined in dictionaries as "the ability to carry out a task, to achieve an objective". Process…
Background: Frailty, a state of increased vulnerability to adverse health outcomes, has garnered significant attention in research and clinical practice. Existing constructs aggregate clinical features or health deficits into a single…
In artificial intelligence (AI) mediated workforce management systems (e.g., crowdsourcing), long-term success depends on workers accomplishing tasks productively and resting well. This dual objective can be summarized by the concept of…
To verify the Global Burden of Disease Study and the provided healthy life expectancy (HALE) estimates from the World Health Organization (WHO) we propose a very simple model based on the mortality {\mu}x of a population provided in a…
Understanding the quality of a performance evaluation metric is crucial for ensuring that model outputs align with human preferences. However, it remains unclear how well each metric captures the diverse aspects of these preferences, as…
Several benchmarks have been proposed to holistically measure quantum computing performance. While some have focused on the end user's perspective (e.g., in application-oriented benchmarks), the real industrial value taking into account the…
Systems that collect data on sleep, mood, and activities can provide valuable lifestyle counselling to populations affected by chronic disease and its consequences. Such systems are, however, challenging to develop; besides reliably…
Assessing the quality of cancer care administered by US health providers poses numerous challenges due to meaningful heterogeneity in patient populations. Patients undergoing oncology treatment exhibit substantial variation in disease…
Background: The relative contribution of different aging-associated processes to the age phenotype may differ among individuals, creating variability in aging manifestations among age-peers. Capturing this variability can significantly…
An alternative model to measure simultaneously scientific and financial performances of scientific activities is proposed. This mathematical model focuses only on the final scientific outcomes in each fiscal year to gurantee the…
Individual-level effectiveness and healthcare resource use (HRU) data are routinely collected in trial-based economic evaluations. While effectiveness is often expressed in terms of utility scores derived from some health-related quality of…