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As Autonomous Driving Systems (ADS) progress towards commercial deployment, there is an increasing focus on ensuring their safety and reliability. While considerable research has been conducted on testing methods for detecting faults in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Nathan Shaw , Sanjeetha Pennada , Robert M Hierons , Donghwan Shin

The purpose of the research presented in this article is to develop a dynamic system for forecasting and minimizing the risks of an industrial company based on their quantitative assessment. The article considers the conceptual apparatus of…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2022-02-02 Denis S. Gusev , Elena G. Demidova , Olga A. Novikova

Automated driving in urban settings is challenging. Human participant behavior is difficult to model, and conventional, rule-based Automated Driving Systems (ADSs) tend to fail when they face unmodeled dynamics. On the other hand, the more…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Ekim Yurtsever , Linda Capito , Keith Redmill , Umit Ozguner

Safety is a central requirement for automated vehicles. As such, the assessment of risk in automated driving is key in supporting both motion planning technologies and safety evaluation. In automated driving, risk is characterized by two…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Leon Tolksdorf , Arturo Tejada , Jonas Bauernfeind , Christian Birkner , Nathan van de Wouw

Autonomous off-road driving is challenging as risky actions taken by the robot may lead to catastrophic damage. As such, developing controllers in simulation is often desirable as it provides a safer and more economical alternative.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Sean J. Wang , Honghao Zhu , Aaron M. Johnson

Developing autonomous driving systems (ADSs) involves generating and storing extensive log data from test drives, which is essential for verification, research, and simulation. However, these high-frequency logs, recorded over varying…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Simin Sun , Yuchuan Jin , Miroslaw Staron

This paper presents a digital-twin platform for active safety analysis in mixed traffic environments. The platform is built using a multi-modal data-enabled traffic environment constructed from drone-based aerial LiDAR, OpenStreetMap, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Hao Zhang , Ximin Yue , Kexin Tian , Sixu Li , Keshu Wu , Zihao Li , Dominique Lord , Yang Zhou

Autonomous CPSs are often required to handle uncertainties and self-manage the system operation in response to problems and increasing risk in the operating paradigm. This risk may arise due to distribution shifts, environmental context, or…

Autonomous race driving poses a complex control challenge as vehicles must be operated at the edge of their handling limits to reduce lap times while respecting physical and safety constraints. This paper presents a novel reinforcement…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Yuanda Wang , Xin Yuan , Changyin Sun

Generating safety-critical scenarios in high-fidelity simulations offers a promising and cost-effective approach for efficient testing of autonomous vehicles. Existing methods typically rely on manipulating a single vehicle's trajectory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Jiawei Wang , Xintao Yan , Yao Mu , Haowei Sun , Zhong Cao , Henry X. Liu

One of the greatest challenges towards fully autonomous cars is the understanding of complex and dynamic scenes. Such understanding is needed for planning of maneuvers, especially those that are particularly frequent such as lane changes.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-18 Oliver Scheel , Loren Schwarz , Nassir Navab , Federico Tombari

We present a novel Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) based policy to compute dynamically feasible and spatially aware velocities for a robot navigating among mobile obstacles. Our approach combines the benefits of the Dynamic Window…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Utsav Patel , Nithish Kumar , Adarsh Jagan Sathyamoorthy , Dinesh Manocha

Autonomous robot navigation systems often rely on hierarchical planning, where global planners compute collision-free paths without considering dynamics, and local planners enforce dynamics constraints to produce executable commands. This…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Yuanjie Lu , Mingyang Mao , Tong Xu , Linji Wang , Xiaomin Lin , Xuesu Xiao

This paper describes Waymo's Collision Avoidance Testing (CAT) methodology: a scenario-based testing method that evaluates the safety of the Waymo Driver Automated Driving Systems' (ADS) intended functionality in conflict situations…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-12-19 Kristofer D. Kusano , Kurt Beatty , Scott Schnelle , Francesca Favaro , Cam Crary , Trent Victor

The field of autonomous driving has grown tremendously over the past few years, along with the rapid progress in sensor technology. One of the major purposes of using sensors is to provide environment perception for vehicle understanding,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-08-07 Zhi Yan , Li Sun , Tomas Krajnik , Yassine Ruichek

Accurate estimation of the environment structure simultaneously with the robot pose is a key capability of autonomous robotic vehicles. Classical simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithms rely on the static world assumption to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-05-11 Mina Henein , Gerard Kennedy , Viorela Ila , Robert Mahony

Vehicles equipped with automated driving capabilities have shown potential to improve safety and operations. Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and automated driving systems (ADS) have been widely developed to support vehicular…

Applications · Statistics 2024-10-15 Shengxuan Ding , Mohamed Abdel-Aty , Natalia Barbour , Dongdong Wang , Zijin Wang , Ou Zheng

Vehicle safety assessment is crucial for consumer information and regulatory oversight. The New Car Assessment Program (NCAP) assigns standardized safety ratings, which traditionally emphasize passive safety measures but now include active…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Raunak Kunwar , Aera Kim LeBoulluec

Despite impressive advancements in Autonomous Driving Systems (ADS), navigation in complex road conditions remains a challenging problem. There is considerable evidence that evaluating the subjective risk level of various decisions can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Shih-Yuan Yu , Arnav V. Malawade , Deepan Muthirayan , Pramod P. Khargonekar , Mohammad A. Al Faruque

This study underscores the vital importance of intelligent driving functions in enhancing road safety and driving comfort. Central to our research is the challenge of obtaining sufficient test data for evaluating these functions, especially…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Nico Schick , Franjo Čičak