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Multi-agent path finding (MAPF) is an essential component of many large-scale, real-world robot deployments, from aerial swarms to warehouse automation. However, despite the community's continued efforts, most state-of-the-art MAPF planners…

Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) seeks collision-free paths for multiple agents from their respective start locations to their respective goal locations while minimizing path costs. Most existing MAPF algorithms rely on a common assumption…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Xuemian Wu , Shizhe Zhao , Zhongqiang Ren

This paper addresses a variant of multi-agent path finding (MAPF) in continuous space and time. We present a new solving approach based on satisfiability modulo theories (SMT) to obtain makespan optimal solutions. The standard MAPF is a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-03-26 Pavel Surynek

This paper investigates Multi-Agent Path Finding Among Movable Obstacles (M-PAMO), which seeks collision-free paths for multiple agents from their start to goal locations among static and movable obstacles. M-PAMO arises in logistics and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Shaoli Hu , Shizhe Zhao , Zhongqiang Ren

Decentralized multi-agent path finding (MAPF) routes a team of agents on a shared grid, each acting from its own local view. The standard solution trains one shared neural policy with Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO), a popular on-policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Riad Ahmed

We introduce the Cooperative Multi-Agent Path Finding (Co-MAPF) problem, an extension to the classical MAPF problem, where cooperative behavior is incorporated. In this setting, a group of autonomous agents operate in a shared environment…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Nir Greshler , Ofir Gordon , Oren Salzman , Nahum Shimkin

With the rapid progress in Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF), researchers have studied how MAPF algorithms can be deployed to coordinate hundreds of robots in large automated warehouses. While most works try to improve the throughput of such…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Yulun Zhang , Matthew C. Fontaine , Varun Bhatt , Stefanos Nikolaidis , Jiaoyang Li

Real-time planning for a combined problem of target assignment and path planning for multiple agents, also known as the unlabeled version of Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF), is crucial for high-level coordination in multi-agent systems,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Keisuke Okumura , Xavier Défago

Deploying multi-robot systems in environments shared with dynamic and uncontrollable agents presents significant challenges, especially for large robot fleets. In such environments, individual robot operations can be delayed due to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Lukas Heuer , Yufei Zhu , Luigi Palmieri , Andrey Rudenko , Anna Mannucci , Sven Koenig , Martin Magnusson

We formalize the problem of multi-agent path finding with deadlines (MAPF-DL). The objective is to maximize the number of agents that can reach their given goal vertices from their given start vertices within a given deadline, without…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Hang Ma , Glenn Wagner , Ariel Felner , Jiaoyang Li , T. K. Satish Kumar , Sven Koenig

In agent control issues, the idea of combining reinforcement learning and planning has attracted much attention. Two methods focus on micro and macro action respectively. Their advantages would show together if there is a good cooperation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-20 Xuerun Chen

Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) is a fundamental coordination problem in large-scale robotic and cyber-physical systems, where multiple agents must compute conflict-free trajectories with limited computational and communication resources.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-10 Kevin Riehl , Julius Schlapbach , Anastasios Kouvelas , Michail A. Makridis

The problem of Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) calls for finding a set of conflict-free paths for a fleet of agents operating in a given environment. Arguably, the state-of-the-art approach to computing optimal solutions is Conflict-Based…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Ofir Gordon , Yuval Filmus , Oren Salzman

Multi-agent Path Finding (MAPF) is the problem of planning collision-free movements of agents so that they get from where they are to where they need to be. Commonly, agents are located on a graph and can traverse edges. This problem has…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-03 Alvin Combrink , Sabino Francesco Roselli , Martin Fabian

Multi-agent pathfinding (MAPF) is a critical field in many large-scale robotic applications, often being the fundamental step in multi-agent systems. The increasing complexity of MAPF in complex and crowded environments, however, critically…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Jaehoon Chung , Jamil Fayyad , Younes Al Younes , Homayoun Najjaran

Multi-Agent Motion Planning (MAMP) is a problem that seeks collision-free dynamically-feasible trajectories for multiple moving agents in a known environment while minimizing their travel time. MAMP is closely related to the well-studied…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Jingtian Yan , Jiaoyang Li

Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) is NP-hard to solve optimally, even on graphs, suggesting no polynomial-time algorithms can compute exact optimal solutions for them. This raises a natural question: How optimal can polynomial-time algorithms…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Teng Guo , Jingjin Yu

Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) has gained significant attention, with most research focusing on minimizing collisions and travel time. This paper also considers energy consumption in the path planning of automated guided vehicles (AGVs).…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Ahmad Kokhahi , Mary Kurz

Anticipating possible future deployment of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs), cooperative autonomous driving at intersections has been studied by many works in control theory and intelligent transportation across decades.…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Zhongxia Yan , Han Zheng , Cathy Wu

Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) is a fundamental problem in robotics and AI, with numerous applications in real-world scenarios. One such scenario is filming scenes with multiple actors, where the goal is to capture the scene from multiple…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Aditya Rauniyar , Jiaoyang Li , Sebastian Scherer