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Nature uses elongated shapes and filaments to build stable structures, generate motion, and allow complex geometric interactions. In this Review, we examine the role of biological filaments across different length scales. From the molecular…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-07-25 Jan Cammann , Hannah Laeverenz-Schlogelhofer , Kirsty Y. Wan , Marco G. Mazza

We investigate how thin structures change their shape in response to non-mechanical stimuli that can be interpreted as variations in the structure's natural curvature. Starting from the theory of non-Euclidean plates and shells, we derive…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-06-08 Matteo Pezzulla , Norbert Stoop , Xin Jiang , Douglas P. Holmes

We quantify the topological expansion properties of bounded degree simplicial complexes in terms of a family of sublinear functions, in analogy with the separation profile of Benjamini-Schramm-Tim\'ar for classical expansion of bounded…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2024-11-21 David Hume

We show Riemannian geometry could be studied by identifying the tangent bundle of a Riemannian manifold $\mathcal{M}$ with a subbundle of the trivial bundle $\mathcal{M} \times \mathcal{E}$, obtained by embedding $\mathcal{M}$…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2021-05-05 Du Nguyen

Presented is description of kinematics and dynamics of material points with internal degrees of freedom moving in a Riemannian manifold. The models of internal degrees of freedom we concentrate on are based on the orthogonal and affine…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2010-03-17 J. J. Sławianowski , V. Kovalchuk , B. Gołubowska , A. Martens , E. E. Rożko

Model sets (or cut and project sets) provide a familiar and commonly used method of constructing and studying nonperiodic point sets. Here we extend this method to situations where the internal spaces are no longer Euclidean, but instead…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-07-17 Michael Baake , Robert V. Moody , Martin Schlottmann

We study the evolution of coherent structures in arbitrary turbulence phenomena, developing some tools, from non-archimedean analysis and algebraic geometry, in order to model its display. We match the scale-dependent, topological structure…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-10-01 Luis G. D. C. Borges

Localized patterns are coherent structures embedded in a quiescent state and occur in both discrete and continuous media across a wide range of applications. While it is well-understood how domain covering patterns (for example stripes and…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2025-03-19 Jason J. Bramburger , Dan J. Hill , David J. B. Lloyd

Thin growing tissues (such as plant leaves) can be modelled by a bounded domain $S\subset R^2$ endowed with a Riemannian metric $g$, which models the internal strains caused by the differential growth of the tissue. The elastic energy is…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2014-11-05 Peter Hornung

We introduce circular evolutes and involutes of framed curves in the Euclidean space. Circular evolutes of framed curves stem from the curvature circles of Bishop directions and singular value sets of normal surfaces of Bishop directions.…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2021-03-15 Shun'ichi Honda , Masatomo Takahashi

Riemannian neural networks, which extend deep learning techniques to Riemannian spaces, have gained significant attention in machine learning. To better classify the manifold-valued features, researchers have started extending Euclidean…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Ziheng Chen , Yue Song , Rui Wang , Xiaojun Wu , Nicu Sebe

The theory of classical types of curves in normed planes is not strongly developed. In particular, the knowledge on existing concepts of curvatures of planar curves is widespread and not systematized in the literature. Giving a…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2017-02-07 Vitor Balestro , Horst Martini , Emad Shonoda

Geometrically frustrated solids with non-Euclidean reference metric are ubiquitous in biology and are becoming increasingly relevant in technological applications. Often they acquire a targeted con- figuration of incompatibility through…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-08-02 Giuseppe Zurlo , Lev Truskinovsky

Formal orbifolds are defined in higher dimension. Their \'etale fundamental groups are also defined. It is shown that the fundamental groups of formal orbifolds have certain finiteness property and it is also shown that they can be used to…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2017-06-02 Manish Kumar

Deep generative models like variational autoencoders approximate the intrinsic geometry of high dimensional data manifolds by learning low-dimensional latent-space variables and an embedding function. The geometric properties of these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-20 Ankita Shukla , Shagun Uppal , Sarthak Bhagat , Saket Anand , Pavan Turaga

We develop a mother machine-like microfluidic device specifically designed to track the proliferation of T-cells via live-cell microscopy. Although numerous microfluidic setups have been developed to study cell proliferation at the…

Cell Behavior · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-09 Simone Scalise , Giovanna Peruzzi , Davide Caprini , Giorgio Gosti , Giancarlo Ruocco , Mattia Miotto

Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and myosin-dependent contraction can generate elastic stress and strain in living tissues, which may be dissipated by internal rearrangement through cell topological transition and cytoskeletal reorganization.…

Biological Physics · Physics 2021-12-07 Chaozhen Wei , Min Wu

The R-matrix formalism for the construction of integrable systems with infinitely many degrees of freedom is reviewed. Its application to Poisson, noncommutative and loop algebras as well as central extension procedure are presented. The…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2016-02-18 Maciej Blaszak , Blazej M. Szablikowski

Optimal embedding in the three-dimensional space of exponentially growing squeezed surfaces, like plants leaves, or 2D colonies of exponentially reproducing cells, is considered in the framework of conformal approach. It is shown that the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-11-01 Sergei Nechaev , Kirill Polovnikov

Continuum models for the spatial dynamics of growing cell populations have been widely used to investigate the mechanisms underpinning tissue development and tumour invasion. These models consist of nonlinear partial differential equations…

Tissues and Organs · Quantitative Biology 2019-07-15 Mark AJ Chaplain , Tommaso Lorenzi , Fiona R Macfarlane