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The phonon thermal Hall effect (THE) is a ubiquitous yet poorly understood phenomenon in insulators. Its microscopic origin remains debated, partly due to significant sample-dependent variations that hint at uncontrolled experimental…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-11-13 Qiaochao Xiang , Xiaokang Li , Xiaodong Guo , Kamran Behnia , Zengwei Zhu

Phonons are known to generate a thermal Hall effect in certain insulators, including oxides with rare-earth impurities, quantum paraelectrics, multiferroic materials and cuprate Mott insulators. In each case, a special feature of the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-09-01 Lu Chen , Marie-Eve Boulanger , Zhi-Cheng Wang , Fazel Tafti , Louis Taillefer

Thermal transport is a crucial probe for studying excitations in insulators. In Mott insulators, the primary candidates for heat carriers are spins and phonons, and which dominates the thermal conductivity is a persistent issue. Typically,…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-05-19 Taekoo Oh , Naoto Nagaosa

Topological Hall effect (THE), a quantum phenomenon arising from emergent magnetic field generated by topological spin texture, is a key method for detecting non-coplanar spin structures like skyrmions in magnetic materials. Here, we…

We study phonon Hall effect (PHE) for ionic crystals in the presence of static magnetic field. Using Green-Kubo formula, we present an exact calculation of thermal conductivity tensor by considering both positive and negative frequency…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-27 Bijay K. Agarwalla , Lifa Zhang , Jian-Sheng Wang , Baowen Li

Hall effects of electrons can be produced by an external magnetic field, spin orbit-coupling or a topologically non-trivial spin texture. The topological Hall effect (THE) - caused by the latter - is commonly observed in magnetic skyrmion…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-08-09 Börge Göbel , Alexander Mook , Jürgen Henk , Ingrid Mertig

The origin of phonon thermal Hall Effect (THE) observed in a variety of insulators is yet to be identified. Here, we report on the observation of a thermal Hall conductivity in a non-magnetic elemental insulator, with an amplitude exceeding…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-03-16 Xiaokang Li , Yo Machida , Alaska Subedi , Zengwei Zhu , Liang Li , Kamran Behnia

Thermal transport acts as a powerful tool for studying the excitations and physical properties of insulators, where a charge gap suppresses electronic conduction. Recently, the thermal Hall effect has been observed across various materials,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-07-31 Taekoo Oh

The theory of anomalous Hall effect for the heat transfer in a paramagnetic dielectric, discovered experimentally in [1], is developed. The appearance of the phonon heat flux normal to both the temperature gradient and the magnetic field is…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-13 Yu. Kagan , L. A. Maksimov

Non-trivial spin structures in itinerant magnets can give rise to topological Hall effect (THE) due to the interacting local magnetic moments and conductive electrons. While, in series of materials, THE has mostly been observed at low…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-03-16 Gaoshang Gong , Longmeng Xu , Yuming Bai , Yongqiang Wang , Songliu Yuan , Yong Liu , Zhaoming Tian

The underlying mechanism of the thermal Hall effect (THE) generated by phonons in a variety of insulators is yet to be identified. Here, we report on a sizeable thermal Hall conductivity in NiPS$_3$, a van der Waals stack of honeycomb…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-10-02 Qingkai Meng , Xiaokang Li , Jie Liu , Lingxiao Zhao , Chao Dong , Zengwei Zhu , Liang Li , Kamran Behnia

SrTiO$_3$, a quantum paralectric, displays a detectable phonon thermal Hall effect (THE). Here we show that the amplitude of THE is extremely sensitive to stoichiometry. It drastically decreases upon substitution of a tiny fraction of Sr…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-10-12 Shan Jiang , Xiaokang Li , Benoît Fauqué , Kamran Behnia

In a growing list of insulators, experiments find that magnetic field induces a misalignment between the heat flux and the thermal gradient vectors. This phenomenon, known as the phonon thermal Hall effect, implies energy flow without…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-10-01 Kamran Behnia

Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) magnets have been a fertile playground for the discovery and exploration of physical phenomena and new physics. In this Letter, we report the observation of an anomalous thermal Hall effect (THE)…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-12-13 Heda Zhang , Chunqiang Xu , Caitlin Carnahan , Milos Sretenovic , Nishchay Suri , Di Xiao , Xianglin Ke

The discovery and manipulation of topological Hall effect (THE), an abnormal magnetoelectric response mostly related to the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI), are promising for next-generation spintronic devices based on topological…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-10-27 Gaojie Zhang , Qingyuan Luo , Xiaokun Wen , Hao Wu , Li Yang , Wen Jin , Luji Li , Jia Zhang , Wenfeng Zhang , Haibo Shu , Haixin Chang

In a growing number of materials, phonons have been found to generate a thermal Hall effect, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Inspired by previous studies that revealed the importance of Tb$^{3+}$ ions in generating the thermal…

Recent studies have demonstrated that the thermal Hall effect can originate from magnons (magnon Hall effect), phonons (phonon Hall effect), or their combination (magnon-polaron Hall effect). The magnon-polaron Hall effect, first observed…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-08-19 Mohamed Nawwar , Robin R. Neumann , Jiamin Wen , Alexander Mook , Ingrid Mertig , Joseph P. Heremans

A surprising "planar" thermal Hall effect, whereby the field is parallel to the current, has recently been observed in a few magnetic insulators, and this has been attributed to exotic excitations such as Majorana fermions or chiral…

The topological Hall effect (THE) is a hallmark of a non-trivial geometric spin arrangement in a magnetic metal, originating from a finite scalar spin chirality (SSC). The associated Berry phase is often a consequence of non-coplanar…

Bosonic excitations like phonons and magnons dominate the low-temperature transport of magnetic insulators. Similar to electronic Hall responses, the thermal Hall effect (THE) of charge neutral bosons has been proposed as a powerful tool…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-12-16 Léo Mangeolle , Johannes Knolle
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