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In this paper we present a numerical valuation of variable annuities with combined Guaranteed Minimum Withdrawal Benefit (GMWB) and Guaranteed Minimum Death Benefit (GMDB) under optimal policyholder behaviour solved as an optimal stochastic…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-04-10 Xiaolin Luo , Pavel V. Shevchenko

Valuing Guaranteed Lifelong Withdrawal Benefit (GLWB) has attracted significant attention from both the academic field and real world financial markets. As remarked by Forsyth and Vetzal the Black and Scholes framework seems to be…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2019-10-21 Ludovic Goudenege , Andrea Molent , Antonino Zanette

A variable annuity contract with Guaranteed Minimum Withdrawal Benefit (GMWB) promises to return the entire initial investment through cash withdrawals during the policy life plus the remaining account balance at maturity, regardless of the…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2014-11-03 Xiaolin Luo , Pavel Shevchenko

Variable annuities with Guaranteed Minimum Withdrawal Benefits (GMWB) entitle the policy holder to periodic withdrawals together with a terminal payoff linked to the performance of an equity fund. In this paper, we consider the valuation of…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2023-08-08 Claudio Fontana , Francesco Rotondi

Under the optimal withdrawal strategy of a policyholder, the pricing of variable annuities with Guaranteed Minimum Withdrawal Benefit (GMWB) is an optimal stochastic control problem. The surrender feature available in marketed products…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2015-08-03 Xiaolin Luo , Pavel Shevchenko

This paper extends the valuation and optimal surrender framework for variable annuities with guaranteed minimum benefits in a L\'evy equity market environment by incorporating a stochastic interest rate described by the Hull-White model.…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2024-04-12 Ludovic Goudenège , Andrea Molent , Xiao Wei , Antonino Zanette

A variable annuity contract with Guaranteed Minimum Withdrawal Benefit (GMWB) promises to return the entire initial investment through cash withdrawals during the contract plus the remaining account balance at maturity, regardless of the…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2017-01-17 Pavel V. Shevchenko , Xiaolin Luo

Modeling taxation of Variable Annuities has been frequently neglected but accounting for it can significantly improve the explanation of the withdrawal dynamics and lead to a better modeling of the financial cost of these insurance…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2020-09-23 Andrea Molent

In this paper, we review pricing of variable annuity living and death guarantees offered to retail investors in many countries. Investors purchase these products to take advantage of market growth and protect savings. We present pricing of…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2017-05-04 Pavel V. Shevchenko , Xiaolin Luo

In this paper, we propose a novel methodology for pricing equity-indexed annuities featuring cliquet-style payoff structures and early surrender risk, using advanced financial modeling techniques. Specifically, the market is modeled by an…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2025-02-18 Ludovic Goudenège , Andrea Molent , Antonino Zanette

This work studies a stochastic optimal control problem for a pension scheme which provides an income-drawdown policy to its members after their retirement. To manage the scheme efficiently, the manager and members agree to share the…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2020-02-14 Ankush Agarwal , Christian-Oliver Ewald , Yongjie Wang

In general, the pricing of variable annuities with guarantees can be done by solving the corresponding optimal stochastic control problem if the contract withdrawal strategy is assumed to be optimal. This is typically solved as a dynamic…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2026-05-27 Nicolas Langrené , Xiaolin Luo , Pavel V. Shevchenko , Ruiyi Zhang

In this paper we investigate price and Greeks computation of a Guaranteed Minimum Withdrawal Benefit (GMWB) Variable Annuity (VA) when both stochastic volatility and stochastic interest rate are considered together in the Heston Hull-White…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2019-07-23 Ludovic Goudenège , Andrea Molent , Antonino Zanette

This paper investigates optimal withdrawal strategies and behavior of policyholders in a variable annuity (VA) contract with a guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefit (GMWB) rider incorporating taxation and a ratchet mechanism for enhancing…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-07-14 Jennifer Alonso-Garcia , Len Patrick Dominic M. Garces , Jonathan Ziveyi

A retention strategy based on an enlightened lapse model is a powerful profitabilitylever for a life insurer. Some machine learning models are excellent at predicting lapse,but from the insurer's perspective, predicting which policyholder…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-07-14 Mathias Valla , Xavier Milhaud , Anani Ayodélé Olympio

In this article we investigate a state-space representation of the Lee-Carter model which is a benchmark stochastic mortality model for forecasting age-specific death rates. Existing relevant literature focuses mainly on mortality…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-08-04 Man Chung Fung , Gareth W. Peters , Pavel V. Shevchenko

To make medium- and long-term insurance products attractive, it is essential to enable participation in stock market returns. However, to eliminate downside risk, guarantees must be included, which naturally leads to the challenge of…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-10-09 Raquel M. Gaspar , Thorsten Schmidt

This paper studies a life-cycle optimal portfolio-consumption problem when the consumption performance is measured by a shortfall aversion preference with an additional drawdown constraint on consumption rate. Meanwhile, the agent also…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-10-21 Xun Li , Xiang Yu , Qinyi Zhang

Variable annuities, as a class of retirement income products, allow equity market exposure for a policyholder's retirement fund with electable additional guarantees to limit the downside risk of the market. Management fees and guarantee…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2017-05-12 Jin Sun , Pavel V. Shevchenko , Man Chung Fung

This paper assesses the hedge effectiveness of an index-based longevity swap and a longevity cap. Although swaps are a natural instrument for hedging longevity risk, derivatives with non-linear pay-offs, such as longevity caps, also provide…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-08-04 Man Chung Fung , Katja Ignatieva , Michael Sherris
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