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We present a quantum hyperdense coding protocol with hyperentanglement in polarization and spatial-mode degrees of freedom of photons first and then give the details for a quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) protocol based on this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-03-11 Tie-Jun Wang , Tao Li , Fang-Fang Du , Fu-Guo Deng

Secure cryptographic protocols are indispensable for modern communication systems. It is realized through an encryption process in cryptography. In quantum cryptography, Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a widely popular quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-03 Arunaday Gupta , Bikash K. Behera , Prasanta K. Panigrahi

Fast development of supercomputer and perspective quantum computer is posing increasing serious threats to communication security. Based on the laws of quantum mechanics, quantum communication offers provable security of communication, and…

We develop an information-theoretic analysis of Quantum-Memory-Free (QMF) Quantum Secure Direct Communication (QSDC) under collective attacks as an alternative to the use of a conventional Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-04 Shang-Jen Su , Shi-Yuan Wang , Matthieu R. Bloch

Quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) and deterministic secure quantum communication (DSQC) are two important branches of quantum cryptography, where one can transmit a secret message securely without encrypting it by a prior key. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-22 Nayana Das , Goutam Paul

Communication security has to evolve to a higher plane in the face of the threat from the massive computing power of the emerging quantum computers. Quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) constitutes a promising branch of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-03 Dong Pan , Gui-Lu Long , Liuguo Yin , Yu-Bo Sheng , Dong Ruan , Soon Xin Ng , Jianhua Lu , Lajos Hanzo

Quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) is an important quantum communication branch, which realizes the secure information transmission directly without encryption and decryption processes. Recently, two table-top experiments have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-24 Feng Zhu , Wei Zhang , Yubo Sheng , Yidong Huang

We study controlled quantum secure direct communication (CQSDC), a cryptographic scheme where a sender can send a secret bit-string to an intended recipient, without any secure classical channel, who can obtain the complete bit-string only…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-20 Siddharth Patwardhan , Subhayan Roy Moulick , Prasanta K. Panigrahi

We present a subtle idea to economically improve message-unilaterally-transmitted quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) protocols to realize two-way secure direct communication.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Zhan-jun Zhang , Zhong-xiao Man , Yong Li

In a controlled quantum secure direct communication (Controlled QSDC) protocol between three parties, the sender sends the encoded secured message to one of the two receivers, which can be decoded only when the other receiver agrees to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-27 Rashi Jain , Satyabrata Adhikari

In practical quantum communication, imperfect devices may introduce side channels, creating opportunities for eavesdroppers. Especially on the source side, the side channels created by active modulation may compromise the security of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-30 Jia-Wei Ying , Qi Zhang , Shi-Pu Gu , Xing-Fu Wang , Lan Zhou , Yu-Bo Sheng

In the last decades, Quantum Cryptography has become one of the most important branches of Quantum Communications with a particular projection over the future Quantum Internet. It is precisely in Quantum Cryptography where two techniques…

General Physics · Physics 2021-02-16 Mario Mastriani

We present Authenticated Multiuser Quantum Direct Communication(MQDC) protocols using entanglement swapping. Quantum direct communication is believed to be a safe way to send a secret message without quantum key distribution. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Changho Hong , Jiin Kim , Hwayean Lee , Hyungjin Yang

The unique features of quantum walk, such as the possibility of the walker to be in superposition ofthe position space and get entangled with the position space, provides inherent advantages that canbe captured to design highly secure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-27 Srikara S , C. M. Chandrashekar

Based on a quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) protocol [Phys. Rev. A69(04)052319], we propose a $(n,n)$-threshold scheme of multiparty quantum secret sharing of classical messages (QSSCM) using only single photons. We take advantage…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-02-19 Zhan-jun Zhang , Yong Li , Zhong-xiao Man

Very recently, the experimental demonstration of Quantum Secure Direct Communication (QSDC) with state-of-the-art atomic quantum memory has been reported (Phys. Rev. Lett., 2017). Quantum Dialogue (QD) falls under QSDC where the secrete…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-27 Arpita Maitra

This paper investigates a transmission scheme for enhancing quantum communication security, aimed at improving the security of space-air-ground integrated networks (SAGIN). Quantum teleportation achieves the transmission of quantum states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-23 Yixiao Zhang , Wei Liang , Lixin Li , Wensheng Lin

In this paper, a novel controlled bidirectional quantum secure direct communication protocol (CBQSDC) is proposed. In this scheme, both users can transmit their secret messages directly and simultaneously under the permission of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-09 Moein Sarvaghad-Moghaddam

Current quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) protocols guarantee communication security by estimating the error rates of photons in the X and Z bases. This take the reference frame calibration between communicating parties as a…

We discuss the four requirements for a real point-to-point quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) first, and then present two efficient QSDC network schemes with an N ordered Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs. Any one of the authorized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Fu-Guo Deng , Xi-Han Li , Chun-Yan Li , Ping Zhou , Hong-Yu Zhou