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The simultaneous estimation of multiple unknown parameters is the most general scenario in quantum sensing. Quantum multi-parameter estimation theory provides fundamental bounds on the achievable precision of simultaneous estimation.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-02 Yaoling Yang , Victor Montenegro , Abolfazl Bayat

Bell inequalities constitute a key tool in quantum information theory: they not only allow one to reveal nonlocality in composite quantum systems, but, more importantly, they can be used to certify relevant properties thereof. We provide a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-22 F. Baccari , R. Augusiak , I. Šupić , J. Tura , A. Acín

Quantum self-testing is the task of certifying quantum states and measurements using the output statistics solely, with minimal assumptions about the underlying quantum system. It is based on the observation that some extremal points in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-07 Kishor Bharti , Maharshi Ray , Zhen-Peng Xu , Masahito Hayashi , Leong-Chuan Kwek , Adán Cabello

Contextuality is a natural generalization of nonlocality which does not need composite systems or spacelike separation and offers a wider spectrum of interesting phenomena. Most notably, in quantum mechanics there exist scenarios where the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-16 Matthias Kleinmann , Costantino Budroni , Jan-Åke Larsson , Otfried Gühne , Adan Cabello

Quantum contextuality, where measurement outcomes depend on the measurement context, implies a failure of classical realism in quantum systems. As recently shown, the transition between measurement contexts can be mapped onto the path that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-22 Yuki Sagawa , Jonte R. Hance , Holger F. Hofmann , Takafumi Ono

The non-classicality of single quantum systems can be formalised using the notion of contextuality. But can contextuality be convincingly demonstrated in an experiment, without reference to the quantum formalism? The operational approach to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-19 Matthew F. Pusey , Lídia del Rio , Bettina Meyer

Contextuality is a fundamental manifestation of nonclassicality, indicating that for certain quantum correlations, sets of jointly measurable variables cannot be pre-assigned values independently of the measurement context. In this work, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-12 Chellasamy Jebarathinam , R. Srikanth

Characterization of quantum devices received from unknown providers is a significant primary task for any quantum information processing protocol. Self-testing protocols are designed for this purpose of certifying quantum components from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-09 Ananda G. Maity , Shiladitya Mal , Chellasamy Jebarathinam , A. S. Majumdar

Sequential measurements on a single particle play an important role in fundamental tests of quantum mechanics. We provide a general method to analyze temporal quantum correlations, which allows us to compute the maximal correlations for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-07-17 Costantino Budroni , Tobias Moroder , Matthias Kleinmann , Otfried Gühne

The universality of quantum theory has been questioned ever since it was proposed. Key to this long-unsolved question is to test whether a given physical system has non-classical features. Here we connect recently proposed witnesses of…

We show, for any finite $n \geq 2$, that there exist quantum correlations obtained from performing $n$ dichotomic quantum measurements in a bipartite Bell scenario, which cannot be reproduced by mixtures of measurement devices with at most…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-16 Lucas Tendick

As a phenomenon encompassing measurement incompatibility and Bell nonlocality, quantum contextuality is not only central to our understanding of quantum mechanics, but also an essential resource in many quantum information processing tasks.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-19 Xiao-Dong Yu , Isadora Veeren , Otfried Gühne

While quantum speed-up in solving certain decision problems by a fault-tolerant universal quantum computer has been promised, a timely research interest includes how far one can reduce the resource requirement to demonstrate a provable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-01 Jacob Miller , Stephen Sanders , Akimasa Miyake

In contrast with classical physics, in quantum physics some sets of measurements are incompatible in the sense that they can not be performed simultaneously. Among other applications, incompatibility allows for contextuality and Bell…

By combining the assumptions of Bell locality with those of generalized noncontextuality, we define classes of noncontextuality inequalities for correlations arising in a bipartite Bell circuit. These classes are distinguished by which…

We employ a trapped ion to study quantum contextual correlations in a single qutrit using the 5-observable KCBS inequality, which is arguably the most fundamental non-contextuality inequality for testing Quantum Mechanics (QM). We quantify…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-21 M. Malinowski , C. Zhang , F. M. Leupold , A. Cabello , J. Alonso , J. P. Home

Self-testing protocols enable certification of quantum devices without demanding full knowledge about their inner workings. A typical approach in designing such protocols is based on observing nonlocal correlations which exhibit maximum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-31 Ashutosh Rai , Matej Pivoluska , Souradeep Sasmal , Manik Banik , Sibasish Ghosh , Martin Plesch

We present a new and feasible test proving quantum contextuality in four-dimensional Hiltbert space. In our scheme, a contradiction between quantum mechanics and noncontextual hidden variables is revealed through the measurement statistics…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-06-27 Yoshihiro Nambu

We present an experimental state-independent violation of an inequality for noncontextual theories on single particles. We show that 20 different single-photon states violate an inequality which involves correlations between results of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-19 Elias Amselem , Magnus Radmark , Mohamed Bourennane , Adan Cabello

Recent experiments have demonstrated ququart state-independent quantum contextuality and qutrit state-dependent quantum contextuality. So far, the most basic form of quantum contextuality pointed out by Kochen and Specker, and Bell, has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-03-06 Adan Cabello , Elias Amselem , Kate Blanchfield , Mohamed Bourennane , Ingemar Bengtsson